{ "number": 80, "slug": "abasa", "name": "Abasa", "arabicName": "عبس", "meaning": "He Frowned", "period": "Makkan", "juz": 30, "tagline": "THE SINCERE SEEKER & THE GIFTS OF LIFE", "overview": "A moment of diverted attention becomes a lasting lesson in whose voice deserves to be heard. The surah honors the sincere seeker, reflects on human dependence and food, and closes with the day when every person faces their own account.", "sources": [ { "title": "Arabic text · quranjson (MIT)", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/semarketir/quranjson/master/source/surah/surah_80.json" }, { "title": "Sahih International · English translation (AlQuran Cloud)", "url": "https://alquran.cloud/quran/en.sahih" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=80&verse=36" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=80&verse=42" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=80&verse=1" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=80&verse=7" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=80&verse=15" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=80&verse=22" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=80&verse=28" }, { "title": "Surah introduction · Quran.com", "url": "https://quran.com/abasa/info" }, { "title": "The seeker and honored pages · Ibn Kathir", "url": "https://quran.com/abasa/1/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir" }, { "title": "Aisha’s account of the occasion · Tirmidhi 3331", "url": "https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:3331" }, { "title": "Ibn Umm Maktum’s call to prayer · Bukhari 617", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:617" }, { "title": "Reciting with skill or difficulty · Bukhari 4937", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4937" }, { "title": "622 CE · Hijrah period boundary · Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)", "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira" } ], "verses": [ { "n": 1, "arabic": "عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ", "translation": "The Prophet frowned and turned away" }, { "n": 2, "arabic": "أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلْأَعْمَىٰ", "translation": "Because there came to him the blind man, [interrupting]." }, { "n": 3, "arabic": "وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ", "translation": "But what would make you perceive, [O Muhammad], that perhaps he might be purified" }, { "n": 4, "arabic": "أَوْ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰٓ", "translation": "Or be reminded and the remembrance would benefit him?" }, { "n": 5, "arabic": "أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسْتَغْنَىٰ", "translation": "As for he who thinks himself without need," }, { "n": 6, "arabic": "فَأَنتَ لَهُۥ تَصَدَّىٰ", "translation": "To him you give attention." }, { "n": 7, "arabic": "وَمَا عَلَيْكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ", "translation": "And not upon you [is any blame] if he will not be purified." }, { "n": 8, "arabic": "وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسْعَىٰ", "translation": "But as for he who came to you striving [for knowledge]" }, { "n": 9, "arabic": "وَهُوَ يَخْشَىٰ", "translation": "While he fears [Allah]," }, { "n": 10, "arabic": "فَأَنتَ عَنْهُ تَلَهَّىٰ", "translation": "From him you are distracted." }, { "n": 11, "arabic": "كَلَّآ إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌۭ", "translation": "No! Indeed, these verses are a reminder;" }, { "n": 12, "arabic": "فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُۥ", "translation": "So whoever wills may remember it." }, { "n": 13, "arabic": "فِى صُحُفٍۢ مُّكَرَّمَةٍۢ", "translation": "[It is recorded] in honored sheets," }, { "n": 14, "arabic": "مَّرْفُوعَةٍۢ مُّطَهَّرَةٍۭ", "translation": "Exalted and purified," }, { "n": 15, "arabic": "بِأَيْدِى سَفَرَةٍۢ", "translation": "[Carried] by the hands of messenger-angels," }, { "n": 16, "arabic": "كِرَامٍۭ بَرَرَةٍۢ", "translation": "Noble and dutiful." }, { "n": 17, "arabic": "قُتِلَ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ مَآ أَكْفَرَهُۥ", "translation": "Cursed is man; how disbelieving is he." }, { "n": 18, "arabic": "مِنْ أَىِّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقَهُۥ", "translation": "From what substance did He create him?" }, { "n": 19, "arabic": "مِن نُّطْفَةٍ خَلَقَهُۥ فَقَدَّرَهُۥ", "translation": "From a sperm-drop He created him and destined for him;" }, { "n": 20, "arabic": "ثُمَّ ٱلسَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُۥ", "translation": "Then He eased the way for him;" }, { "n": 21, "arabic": "ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُۥ فَأَقْبَرَهُۥ", "translation": "Then He causes his death and provides a grave for him." }, { "n": 22, "arabic": "ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنشَرَهُۥ", "translation": "Then when He wills, He will resurrect him." }, { "n": 23, "arabic": "كَلَّا لَمَّا يَقْضِ مَآ أَمَرَهُۥ", "translation": "No! Man has not yet accomplished what He commanded him." }, { "n": 24, "arabic": "فَلْيَنظُرِ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِهِۦٓ", "translation": "Then let mankind look at his food -" }, { "n": 25, "arabic": "أَنَّا صَبَبْنَا ٱلْمَآءَ صَبًّۭا", "translation": "How We poured down water in torrents," }, { "n": 26, "arabic": "ثُمَّ شَقَقْنَا ٱلْأَرْضَ شَقًّۭا", "translation": "Then We broke open the earth, splitting [it with sprouts]," }, { "n": 27, "arabic": "فَأَنۢبَتْنَا فِيهَا حَبًّۭا", "translation": "And caused to grow within it grain" }, { "n": 28, "arabic": "وَعِنَبًۭا وَقَضْبًۭا", "translation": "And grapes and herbage" }, { "n": 29, "arabic": "وَزَيْتُونًۭا وَنَخْلًۭا", "translation": "And olive and palm trees" }, { "n": 30, "arabic": "وَحَدَآئِقَ غُلْبًۭا", "translation": "And gardens of dense shrubbery" }, { "n": 31, "arabic": "وَفَٰكِهَةًۭ وَأَبًّۭا", "translation": "And fruit and grass -" }, { "n": 32, "arabic": "مَّتَٰعًۭا لَّكُمْ وَلِأَنْعَٰمِكُمْ", "translation": "[As] enjoyment for you and your grazing livestock." }, { "n": 33, "arabic": "فَإِذَا جَآءَتِ ٱلصَّآخَّةُ", "translation": "But when there comes the Deafening Blast" }, { "n": 34, "arabic": "يَوْمَ يَفِرُّ ٱلْمَرْءُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ", "translation": "On the Day a man will flee from his brother" }, { "n": 35, "arabic": "وَأُمِّهِۦ وَأَبِيهِ", "translation": "And his mother and his father" }, { "n": 36, "arabic": "وَصَٰحِبَتِهِۦ وَبَنِيهِ", "translation": "And his wife and his children," }, { "n": 37, "arabic": "لِكُلِّ ٱمْرِئٍۢ مِّنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ شَأْنٌۭ يُغْنِيهِ", "translation": "For every man, that Day, will be a matter adequate for him." }, { "n": 38, "arabic": "وُجُوهٌۭ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ مُّسْفِرَةٌۭ", "translation": "[Some] faces, that Day, will be bright -" }, { "n": 39, "arabic": "ضَاحِكَةٌۭ مُّسْتَبْشِرَةٌۭ", "translation": "Laughing, rejoicing at good news." }, { "n": 40, "arabic": "وَوُجُوهٌۭ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَيْهَا غَبَرَةٌۭ", "translation": "And [other] faces, that Day, will have upon them dust." }, { "n": 41, "arabic": "تَرْهَقُهَا قَتَرَةٌ", "translation": "Blackness will cover them." }, { "n": 42, "arabic": "أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْكَفَرَةُ ٱلْفَجَرَةُ", "translation": "Those are the disbelievers, the wicked ones." } ], "glosses": [ [ "He frowned", "and turned away," ], [ "Because", "came to him", "the blind man." ], [ "But what", "would make you know", "that he might", "purify himself," ], [ "Or", "be reminded", "so would benefit him", "the reminder?" ], [ "As for", "(him) who", "considers himself free from need," ], [ "So you", "to him", "give attention." ], [ "And not", "upon you", "that not", "he purifies himself." ], [ "But as for", "(he) who", "came to you", "striving," ], [ "While he", "fears," ], [ "But you", "from him", "(are) distracted." ], [ "Nay!", "Indeed, it", "(is) a reminder," ], [ "So whosoever", "wills", "may remember it." ], [ "In", "sheets", "honored," ], [ "Exalted,", "purified," ], [ "In (the) hands", "(of) scribes." ], [ "Noble,", "dutiful." ], [ "Is destroyed", "[the] man,", "how", "ungrateful is he!" ], [ "From", "what", "thing", "He created him?" ], [ "From", "a semen-drop", "He created him,", "then He proportioned him," ], [ "Then", "the way,", "He made easy for him," ], [ "Then", "He causes him to die", "and provides a grave for him," ], [ "Then", "when", "He wills,", "He will resurrect him." ], [ "Nay!", "Not", "he has accomplished", "what", "He commanded him." ], [ "Then let look", "the man", "at", "his food," ], [ "That [We]", "[We] poured", "the water", "(in) abundance," ], [ "Then", "We cleaved", "the earth", "splitting," ], [ "Then We caused to grow", "therein", "grain," ], [ "And grapes", "and green fodder," ], [ "And olive", "and date-palms," ], [ "And gardens", "(of) thick foliage," ], [ "And fruits", "and grass," ], [ "(As) a provision", "for you", "and for your cattle." ], [ "But when", "comes", "the Deafening Blast," ], [ "(The) Day", "will flee", "a man", "from", "his brother," ], [ "And his mother", "and his father," ], [ "And his wife", "and his children," ], [ "For every", "man", "among them", "that Day", "(will be) a matter", "occupying him." ], [ "Faces,", "that Day", "(will be) bright," ], [ "Laughing,", "rejoicing at good news." ], [ "And faces,", "that Day,", "upon them", "(will be) dust," ], [ "Will cover them", "darkness." ], [ "Those", "[they]", "(are) the disbelievers,", "the wicked ones." ] ], "titles": [ "A frown and a turning away", "The blind seeker arrives", "A possibility of growth", "A reminder that may help", "The appearance of independence", "Attention given to status", "The limit of responsibility", "A seeker comes earnestly", "Reverence within the heart", "Attention turned elsewhere", "An enduring reminder", "Whoever wills may remember", "Honored pages", "Raised and purified", "In the hands of scribes", "Noble and righteous", "The challenge of ingratitude", "Remember the beginning", "Created from a small origin", "The way made easier", "Death and burial", "Raised again when He wills", "A duty still unfulfilled", "Consider your food", "Water poured down", "The earth opens", "Grain comes forth", "Grapes and green fodder", "Olives and palms", "Gardens thick with foliage", "Fruit and pasture", "Provision for people and animals", "The overwhelming sound", "A person flees a brother", "Even mother and father", "Even spouse and children", "Each person’s own concern", "Faces bright as dawn", "Joy at good news", "Faces covered in dust", "A covering of gloom", "The closing moral distinction" ], "notes": [ "The surah opens with a small but consequential human action. In Aisha’s report, the occasion concerns Muhammad’s attention during a conversation. The chapter preserves the correction openly, beginning a lesson about how a sincere seeker is received.", "The blind visitor is not named in the verse itself. Tirmidhi’s report identifies him as Ibn Umm Maktum, who sought guidance. His readiness to learn, rather than social influence or physical ability, drives the opening lesson.", "The question refuses a confident judgment about another person’s potential. A visitor who seems inconvenient may be ready for inward growth. The verse invites attentiveness to possibilities that cannot be measured by outward status.", "The reminder may benefit the one who hears it. This develops the preceding possibility of growth into an act of listening and response. The value of a teaching encounter depends partly on openness, not on public importance.", "Someone who considers himself independent occupies the other side of the contrast. The phrase describes an attitude toward need and guidance. It invites readers to notice how apparent self-sufficiency can attract attention while concealing resistance.", "Attention is directed toward the person just described. The short sentence exposes the imbalance before explaining its cost. Read with verses 8–10, it asks how the desire to reach influential people may eclipse a willing listener.", "Another person’s inward growth cannot be guaranteed by the messenger’s effort. This limits responsibility without cancelling the duty to convey. The verse loosens the pressure to win one resistant listener at the expense of someone sincerely seeking.", "The contrast becomes explicit: another person comes with earnest purpose. The wording emphasizes movement and effort rather than prestige. It gives the reader a different criterion for attention, rooted in the seeker’s readiness.", "Reverence accompanies the seeker’s effort. Although the verse is brief, it adds an inward quality to the outward act of coming. The passage asks readers to attend to sincerity that might otherwise be overlooked.", "The attention given elsewhere leaves this seeker unattended. This completes the opening contrast between apparent independence and earnest approach. Its practical challenge reaches beyond the original setting to any situation where people compete for a hearing.", "The correction widens into a statement about the reminder itself. Its worth does not depend on the social rank of an audience. The following lines present a message honored in its own right and available to attentive reception.", "Whoever wishes may take heed. The invitation opens the reminder beyond a privileged circle and places response with the listener. This concise statement follows a passage about access and attention, giving that lesson a wider scope.", "Honored pages express the dignity of the message. The image moves from a particular encounter toward the standing of revelation. An illustrated manuscript can evoke reverent study without claiming to show the actual pages described.", "The pages are further described as elevated and purified. These qualities continue the emphasis on the message’s dignity. Their position after the open invitation suggests that welcoming a seeker is consistent with honoring revelation.", "Pickthall calls the bearers scribes. Ibn Kathir explains the term safarah through angelic messengers associated with revelation. The entry keeps the explanation in words and does not attempt an invented portrait of unseen beings.", "Nobility and righteousness complete the description of the bearers. A related report in Bukhari encourages both proficient reciters and those who struggle. The passage can therefore accompany reverent learning without making fluency a measure of personal worth.", "The address turns toward human ingratitude with unusually forceful language. It introduces reflection on origin, dependence, death, and return. Read as a rebuke within that argument, it is not a command for one person to harm another.", "The question asks the human being to remember the material beginning of life. It challenges the feeling of being self-made that can accompany adult power. The answer in the next verse deliberately starts small.", "A small beginning is followed by formation and measure. The verse places the person’s existence within received creation rather than independent achievement. This reminder prepares for the sequence of a way through life, death, burial, and return.", "The way is made easier for the human being. The brief wording belongs to the account of dependence surrounding it. The verse offers room for gratitude without promising that an individual’s path will contain no hardship.", "Death and burial appear within the same sequence of human dependence. The verse recognizes an end to earthly life and care for the dead. It names no individual grave and gives no location to identify on a map.", "Return to life occurs when Allah wills. The verse moves beyond burial without reducing resurrection to a natural cycle or a human technique. It continues the argument that first creation and final return belong to the Creator.", "The rebuke returns to duty: the human being has not fulfilled what was commanded. This connects the reflection on origin and return with conduct. Dependence is presented as a reason to respond, rather than merely a fact to observe.", "The reader is invited to look closely at food. Something ordinary becomes the starting point for a chain of reflection about rain, soil, growth, and provision. Attention shifts from human origins to the daily means of living.", "Water is poured down abundantly at the beginning of the food sequence. The verse asks readers to notice what precedes a meal. Provision depends on processes outside the control of the person who finally eats.", "The earth opens after the water arrives. Read beside the next verse, the image directs attention toward growth from the ground. The sequence connects what falls from above with what becomes nourishment below.", "Grain is the first named produce in the list. A familiar staple places the reflection close to everyday life. The verse can invite gratitude for food before abundance or variety makes its underlying dependence easy to forget.", "Grapes and green fodder extend the list beyond grain. Human enjoyment and animal nourishment appear within the same passage. The variety encourages a wider view of provision than a single crop or one person’s meal.", "Olive trees and palms add enduring forms of cultivation to the scene. The chapter does not name a particular grove or agricultural region. An illustrated landscape combines the listed plants as a visual reading aid.", "Thickly planted gardens bring shade and density into the passage. The image broadens the sense of provision from individual crops to a living place. Pickthall’s garden-closes means enclosed gardens, using an older English expression.", "Fruit and grasses complete the list before its purpose is stated. The movement from distinct cultivated foods to pasture makes the variety of nourishment clear. It prepares for the explicit mention of both humans and livestock.", "The list is gathered into one purpose: provision for people and their animals. Daily dependence is shared across the household and the wider living world. The verse offers a reason for gratitude and responsible use.", "The scene changes abruptly with the coming shout. The name evokes an overwhelming sound and moves the reader from present provision to future accountability. The surah gives no date or earthly event to calculate from it.", "A person flees from a brother, beginning a list of close relationships. The scene expresses the pressure of the future account. It is a description of that day, not advice to abandon family responsibilities in ordinary life.", "Mother and father extend the list to those closely connected with a person’s beginning and care. Their mention heightens the scene’s emotional weight. Even the strongest earthly bonds cannot remove the individual concern described next.", "Spouse and children complete the sequence of nearest relations. The verse brings the account into the intimate center of family life. It asks readers to recognize the limits of one person’s ability to answer for another.", "Each person has enough concern to occupy them. This explains the preceding flight from loved ones and makes the focus individual. The warning can sharpen responsibility now, while there is still time to repair conduct.", "Bright faces introduce a hopeful outcome after the scene of overwhelming concern. Pickthall’s comparison with dawn recalls light appearing after darkness. The emphasis is the condition of joy, not an earthly complexion or ethnicity.", "Laughter and rejoicing explain the brightness just described. The good news gives a positive destination to the chapter’s movement through correction, provision, and accountability. Its hope sits alongside the warning, rather than disappearing beneath it.", "Dust-covered faces supply the contrasting image. The description concerns distress in the scene of judgment and must not be read as a judgment about skin color. The following verses explain the contrast in moral terms.", "Gloom covers the faces already described as dusty. This intensifies their state of distress before the final identification. The imagery belongs to the chapter’s future scene, not a license to infer character from anyone’s appearance.", "The closing words identify disbelief and wrongdoing as the moral issue. They complete the contrast of outcomes after the universal reminder of human need. The reader is called to examine conduct rather than judge strangers by their faces." ], "sections": [ { "start": 1, "end": 16, "title": "Make room for the sincere seeker", "summary": "The opening correction gives priority to a willing listener and affirms the dignity and accessibility of the reminder.", "reflection": "Whose sincere request might you notice if you looked beyond status or influence?" }, { "start": 17, "end": 23, "title": "A life received, a life returned", "summary": "The surah traces dependence from a small origin through life, death, burial, and resurrection, then returns to moral responsibility.", "reflection": "What changes when you regard life as something received rather than entirely self-made?" }, { "start": 24, "end": 32, "title": "The story within a meal", "summary": "Water, opened soil, grain, fruit, trees, and pasture become an invitation to consider the sources of everyday food.", "reflection": "Which overlooked people or natural processes make your next meal possible?" }, { "start": 33, "end": 42, "title": "When each person faces their account", "summary": "The overwhelming sound brings individual concern even among close family, followed by contrasting scenes of joy and distress.", "reflection": "What would you want to put right while care and reconciliation are still possible?" } ], "timeline": [ { "title": "Before 622 CE · The Makkan encounter · no exact date supplied", "year": 622, "body": "The surah introduction situates its opening in the Makkan mission. The verses are read as a correction concerning attention to a sincere seeker. The year 622 marks the Hijrah boundary of the Makkan period; it is not an assigned revelation year for this passage.", "source": "https://quran.com/abasa/info" }, { "title": "Ibn Umm Maktum seeks guidance", "year": null, "body": "Aisha’s account in Tirmidhi 3331 names the blind visitor and describes a conversation with an influential opponent. The report supplies no exact date or identifiable building.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:3331" }, { "title": "Ibn Umm Maktum serves the community", "year": null, "body": "Bukhari 617 remembers him making the dawn call to prayer after being informed that daylight had arrived. His role extends beyond the single encounter associated with this surah.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:617" }, { "title": "The future day of individual concern", "year": null, "body": "Verses 33–42 look toward judgment, contrasting distress with joy. This future scene is not a dated historical event.", "source": "https://original.sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/080.htm" } ], "places": [ { "id": "makkah", "name": "Makkah · an encounter about attention", "body": "The surah’s broad setting is Makkah. No exact doorway, street, or house is identified for the opening encounter; the illustrated gathering is a reconstruction, with the Prophet absent from the image.", "lat": 21.4225, "lon": 39.8262, "source": "https://quran.com/abasa/info", "image": 0 }, { "id": "earthly-life", "name": "The path of earthly life", "body": "The sequence of creation, life, death, and burial names no specific route or grave. Its landscape is reflective and does not identify a burial place for Ibn Umm Maktum or anyone else.", "source": "https://original.sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/080.htm", "image": 1 }, { "id": "cultivated-land", "name": "Cultivated fields and gardens", "body": "Grain, vines, olives, palms, fruit, and pasture form the food passage. These plants are named in the text, but no single historical farm is; the scene gathers their variety imaginatively.", "source": "https://original.sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/080.htm", "image": 2 } ], "people": [ { "id": "ibn-umm-maktum", "title": "Ibn Umm Maktum · the sincere seeker", "body": "Tirmidhi 3331 identifies the blind visitor who requested guidance. His willingness to learn is central to the reported occasion; the Quran itself does not state his name.", "verse": 2, "url": "https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:3331", "label": "Read Aisha’s report" }, { "id": "muhammad", "title": "Muhammad · the recipient of correction", "body": "The traditional account identifies the opening correction with the Prophet’s attention during a conversation. The lesson is preserved within revelation; the artwork does not depict him.", "verse": 1, "url": "https://quran.com/abasa/1/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir", "label": "Read Ibn Kathir" }, { "id": "influential-listener", "title": "The influential listener · unnamed in this report", "body": "Aisha’s report mentions a respected man among the opponents without giving a personal name. This reader keeps that uncertainty instead of selecting a portrait from competing identifications.", "verse": 5, "url": "https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:3331", "label": "Read the report" }, { "id": "learners", "title": "Those who read with ease and those who struggle", "body": "Bukhari 4937 links skilled recitation with noble scribes and promises reward to the person who recites with difficulty. It offers encouragement for the reader learning patiently today.", "verse": 16, "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4937", "label": "Read the recitation report" } ], "history": [ { "title": "An occasion preserved in a primary report", "body": "Tirmidhi 3331 records Aisha’s account of the visitor and the diverted attention. The site displays a sahih grading; the narrative is identified as a report rather than extra words in the Quran.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:3331" }, { "title": "Disability and a public role", "body": "Bukhari 617 describes Ibn Umm Maktum’s responsibility for the dawn call to prayer, with others informing him of daybreak. This adds a concrete account of his service to the community.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:617" }, { "title": "Honoring learners through recitation", "body": "Bukhari 4937 encourages both the proficient reciter and the one for whom recitation is difficult. The report connects the chapter’s noble scribes with practice and perseverance.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4937" }, { "title": "The narrative grows into a universal reminder", "body": "After the opening encounter, the surah moves through human origins, food, and judgment. The particular lesson in attention becomes part of a wider account of dependence and responsibility.", "source": "https://original.sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/080.htm" } ], "revelationNote": "Makkan. Ibn Umm Maktum’s name and the conversational setting come from the cited report and commentary. No exact revelation date, authenticated portrait, grave location, or particular farm is asserted." }