{
  "number": 41,
  "slug": "fussilat",
  "name": "Fussilat",
  "arabicName": "فصلت",
  "meaning": "Explained in Detail",
  "juz": 24,
  "juzEnd": 25,
  "period": "Makkan",
  "tagline": "SIGNS ON THE HORIZONS & WITHIN YOURSELF",
  "overview": "Fussilat asks what it means to hear revelation. Creation, ancient warnings and bodily testimony expose the cost of refusal, while steadfastness and answering harm with goodness open a different path. The Surah closes with signs across the horizons and within human life, inviting attentive and responsible reflection.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Arabic text · quranjson (MIT)",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/semarketir/quranjson/master/source/surah/surah_41.json"
    },
    {
      "title": "Sahih International · English translation (AlQuran Cloud)",
      "url": "https://alquran.cloud/quran/en.sahih"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=50"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=44"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=47"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=52"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=46"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=42"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=40"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=54"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=27"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=31"
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    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=25"
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    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=9"
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    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=34"
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    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=20"
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    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=36"
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    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=22"
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    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=7"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=13"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=39"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=11"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=5"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=38"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=14"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=1"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=29"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=15"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=17"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=41&verse=49"
    },
    {
      "title": "Surah background · Quran.com",
      "url": "https://quran.com/fussilat/info"
    },
    {
      "title": "Creation passage · Ibn Kathir",
      "url": "https://quran.com/41:9/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir"
    },
    {
      "title": "622 CE period boundary · Britannica (1911)",
      "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira"
    },
    {
      "title": "Sahih International · English translation (AlQuran Cloud)",
      "url": "https://alquran.cloud/quran/en.sahih"
    }
  ],
  "titles": [
    "Letters before the message",
    "A revelation of mercy",
    "Verses explained clearly",
    "Good news and warning",
    "The declared barrier",
    "A human messenger, one God",
    "Giving and accountability",
    "A reward that endures",
    "The Creator of the earth",
    "A world made habitable",
    "Heaven and earth respond",
    "Order and lamps of the heavens",
    "A warning from earlier peoples",
    "Demanding a different messenger",
    "The arrogance of strength",
    "A wind that overturns pride",
    "Guidance refused",
    "Those who were delivered",
    "Gathered for judgment",
    "The body bears witness",
    "The Creator grants speech",
    "The illusion of hidden conduct",
    "A destructive assumption",
    "A plea beyond its time",
    "Companions who disguise wrong",
    "Drowning out the message",
    "Conduct remains accountable",
    "The consequence of denial",
    "Blaming those who misled",
    "Faith followed by steadiness",
    "The promise of companionship",
    "A merciful welcome",
    "Words made credible by action",
    "Answer harm with what is better",
    "The patience this requires",
    "Seek refuge before responding",
    "Worship the Creator of the signs",
    "Unwearied praise",
    "Earth revived by rain",
    "Nothing distorted is hidden",
    "A mighty scripture",
    "Truth from a wise source",
    "The earlier messengers' experience",
    "Near words, distant hearing",
    "Moses and disputed scripture",
    "Each deed returns to its doer",
    "Knowledge of the Hour and every life",
    "When supposed refuges vanish",
    "Longing and despair",
    "Relief mistaken for entitlement",
    "Prayer only in hardship?",
    "Consider what rejection means",
    "Signs outside and within",
    "The meeting that encompasses all"
  ],
  "notes": [
    "The Surah begins with letters recited individually. They introduce a sustained reflection on revelation, listening and refusal. Their precise ultimate significance is not explained here, and the reader is not asked to accept a speculative code in place of attentive recitation.",
    "Before the message's challenges unfold, its source is named through mercy. Revelation is presented as an act of divine care. This opening shapes the warnings that follow: they belong within a summons to hear, understand and return.",
    "The scripture is described as explained in Arabic for an audience capable of understanding. The title Fussilat comes from this emphasis on clarification. The verse connects knowledge with listening closely to the message's articulated meaning, rather than treating its sound alone as sufficient.",
    "Good news and warning accompany each other, yet many turn away before listening. The obstacle is presented as a response to the message, not simply a lack of information. Attention itself becomes an ethical choice at the threshold of understanding.",
    "The opponents describe covered hearts, deaf ears and a barrier between themselves and the messenger. These are declarations of refusal within the narrative. They invite readers to notice how defensive language can make a position feel permanently closed before genuine engagement begins.",
    "Muhammad is instructed to affirm his humanity and the revelation of one God. The invitation combines a straight direction with forgiveness. Human messengership does not diminish the message; it makes the summons understandable through a voice speaking within ordinary human life.",
    "Refusal of the due owed to others is placed beside denial of the Hereafter. Belief and social responsibility are not isolated subjects. The warning asks whether a person's understanding of accountability has any visible effect on generosity and care.",
    "Faith joined to good action receives the promise of an enduring reward. After descriptions of refusal, the verse opens another possibility. The reader is reminded that the Surah's challenge aims toward a constructive response, with hope accompanying its moral seriousness.",
    "The earth's creation becomes a question addressed to those assigning rivals to Allah. Its focus is the relation between Creator and worship. The passage gives a sacred account of creation, not a dated geological reconstruction supplied by this reader.",
    "Mountains, blessing and sustenance make creation a habitable world. Ibn Kathir explains the four days as including the earlier two, not adding four more to them. That traditional reading should be distinguished from modern attempts to calculate a scientific chronology.",
    "Heaven and earth are addressed as answering their Creator in obedience. The scene expresses the comprehensive reach of divine command. It does not invite a portrait of Allah or require an illustration to turn this sacred language into a literal observed event.",
    "The seven heavens, their appointed order and the lamps of the nearest heaven complete the creation passage. Its closing names emphasize power and knowledge. The imagery directs wonder toward purpose and measure, without identifying the seven heavens with a modern astronomical chart.",
    "The warning turns from creation to the remembered fates of Ad and Thamud. The comparison addresses those refusing the present message. It names ancient peoples within a moral account, without supplying a calendar date or identifying their punishment with a modern disaster.",
    "The demand for angelic messengers becomes a reason to dismiss human ones. The verse exposes a condition imposed on revelation before it can be heard. Readers can ask whether their own criteria seek truth, or make every possible answer unacceptable.",
    "Ad's boast of superior strength ignores the power of the One who created them. Their failure is arrogance joined to denial, not physical ability itself. The question confronts every assumption that impressive resources make a society beyond correction or consequence.",
    "The destructive wind reverses Ad's confidence in its strength. The Quranic account connects this outcome to arrogance and denial. This edition does not identify an archaeological layer or meteorological event as a proven match for the passage's description.",
    "Thamud are described as receiving guidance and preferring blindness. The image makes refusal a chosen moral direction within the narrative. The consequence follows what they earned, while the next verse prevents their community from being treated as an undifferentiated whole.",
    "Believers who remained mindful of Allah are delivered. This short verse is important beside the collective warning: the account distinguishes people by response and conduct. It does not turn ancestry, place or membership in a people into an automatic verdict.",
    "The scene moves from ancient warnings to the final gathering. Being driven onward contrasts sharply with earlier claims of autonomy and control. The passage is about divine judgment, not a mandate for readers to stage punishment against those they consider opponents.",
    "Hearing, sight and skin become witnesses to conduct. The body that participated in earthly life cannot be separated from responsibility for it. The unsettling image invites attention to what one listens to, looks at and does while choices remain open.",
    "The question directed to their skins receives an answer about the Creator who grants speech. The same power that originated life can expose its record. The verse leaves the manner of this testimony within the unseen rather than providing a physical mechanism.",
    "The issue was not successful concealment, but a mistaken belief that much conduct escaped divine knowledge. The verse shifts attention from being watched by people to inward accountability. Privacy can protect dignity without making harmful actions morally invisible.",
    "A false assumption about the Lord has become destructive. The verse links theology with lived consequences: what people suppose about knowledge and accountability can shape their actions. It invites careful reflection on the beliefs that silently excuse repeated wrongdoing.",
    "The final condition cannot be changed by endurance alone or by a late appeal for favor. The severity belongs to the judgment scene. Its practical urgency lies in the present, where listening, repentance and changed behavior remain meaningful possibilities.",
    "Companions make wrongdoing appear attractive, surrounding a person with reassuring versions of past and present. The verse highlights the moral influence of company. It asks readers to consider whether their closest voices help them recognize error or continually disguise it.",
    "The opponents propose drowning out the Quran instead of answering it. Noise becomes a tactic for preventing others from hearing. The scene raises a wider question about discussion: whether disagreement permits a message to be understood before judging it.",
    "The promise of recompense confronts those who substitute disruption and rejection for a fair hearing. Actions remain accountable even when a group rewards them socially. The verse gives the judgment to Allah rather than authorizing individual retaliation for religious disagreement.",
    "Denial of revelation is named within a severe picture of lasting consequence. Read in its immediate setting, the warning addresses entrenched opposition described in the preceding verses. It is not a license to assign eternal destinations to particular contemporary people.",
    "Those misled now demand that their tempters be brought low. Blame travels outward, but the scene offers no escape through that transfer. The reader can reflect on both responsibilities: the danger of misleading others and the duty to examine whom one follows.",
    "A declaration of faith is followed by steadiness, and the tone turns to reassurance. The angels announce freedom from fear and grief and the promised garden. The verse connects a spoken commitment with the sustained direction of a life.",
    "The promise expands into companionship, protection and fulfilled longing. Its language answers the loneliness and vulnerability evoked in earlier judgment scenes. The garden belongs to the Hereafter; any visual setting in this reader remains symbolic rather than a recovered location.",
    "The welcome is attributed to the Forgiving and Merciful. This brief verse gives the surrounding promises a personal quality of hospitality. Reward is not presented merely as accumulated possessions, but as being received within a generosity greater than human calculation.",
    "Good speech is joined to good action and open surrender to Allah. The connection tests the credibility of words through conduct. A call toward truth becomes more meaningful when the speaker's own behavior demonstrates the care and integrity being commended.",
    "Evil and goodness are not equivalent responses. Answering hostility with something better can transform a relationship, pictured as an enemy becoming close. The verse encourages moral initiative without requiring a reader to deny danger or abandon necessary protective boundaries.",
    "Such a response requires patience and is described as a great gift. The preceding counsel is therefore not treated as effortless politeness. It asks for cultivated self-command, especially when hurt or anger makes the quickest reply seem the most satisfying.",
    "Seeking refuge interrupts the movement from provocation to harmful response. Divine hearing and knowledge offer a point of return before acting. The verse suggests that ethical restraint begins inwardly, where a whisper or impulse can still be examined and refused.",
    "Night, day, sun and moon are signs, not objects of worship. Their beauty points beyond themselves to their Creator. The distinction allows wonder at the visible world without confusing something dependent and created with the source of its existence.",
    "Human pride cannot diminish the worship described around the Lord. The unwearied praise of those near Him contrasts with refusal below. The verse redirects attention from a person's importance in their own eyes toward a reality that does not depend on applause.",
    "A dry, subdued earth stirs and grows when water arrives. This familiar renewal becomes a sign of resurrection. The passage draws an analogy from what readers can observe, while leaving the full reality of restored human life with Allah's power.",
    "Distorting revelation does not place its authors beyond divine sight. The contrast between danger and security at resurrection exposes the stakes behind interpretation. The concluding challenge is a warning about accountability, not moral permission to choose harm without consequence.",
    "The Quran is called a mighty, protected scripture even when it is rejected. Human resistance does not determine its claimed authority. The verse asks the listener to distinguish the strength of a message from the popularity of its immediate reception.",
    "Revelation's protection from falsehood is linked to the wisdom and praiseworthiness of its source. The description concerns the scripture's divine authority. It invites careful, truthful handling of the text rather than careless confidence that any interpretation automatically carries that authority.",
    "Opposition to Muhammad is placed within the experience of earlier messengers. The continuity offers perspective without minimizing the difficulty. Forgiveness and severe consequence are both named, preserving the possibility of return alongside the seriousness of refusing the message.",
    "A hypothetical foreign-language Quran exposes an inconsistent objection to the actual Arabic revelation. Guidance and healing depend on receptive hearing, while refusal makes a near message seem distant. The verse concerns response as well as linguistic accessibility.",
    "Moses received scripture, yet disagreement followed. Revelation's presence does not eliminate human rivalry or doubt, and final judgment is deferred by divine decree. The comparison encourages patience without pretending that every dispute has already been resolved within human history.",
    "Good and evil return their consequences to the doer, and divine injustice is explicitly denied. This principle gathers the passage's warnings into a moral frame. Responsibility matters because judgment is not represented as arbitrary mistreatment of vulnerable human beings.",
    "Knowledge of the Hour belongs to Allah, alongside every emerging fruit and every pregnancy and birth. The intimate and cosmic scales meet in one verse. Claims of rival power collapse when their supposed witnesses can no longer support them.",
    "Objects of former appeal disappear as sources of rescue. The scene tests past loyalties against the moment of greatest need. It asks whether a refuge was grounded in reality, or sustained only by habit, wishfulness and mutual reassurance.",
    "Human beings can ask endlessly for benefit yet sink into despair when adversity arrives. The verse sketches an unstable pattern many readers recognize. It invites a more patient relation to circumstances, without dismissing the real pain that hardship can bring.",
    "Relief is wrongly claimed as an entitlement, and imagined future favor excuses present arrogance. The verse challenges this confident self-assessment. Receiving mercy should encourage gratitude and responsibility, rather than the assumption that every outcome proves one's permanent superiority.",
    "Prosperity produces withdrawal while trouble produces abundant prayer. The contrast asks whether devotion is only an emergency response. A steadier practice can remember dependence during ease as well as difficulty, so gratitude is not forgotten as soon as relief arrives.",
    "The listener is asked to consider the possibility that the rejected message truly comes from Allah. This question interrupts complacency rather than furnishing a coercive argument. It encourages an honest examination of what certainty rests upon and what rejection might cost.",
    "Signs on the horizons and within the self widen the field of reflection. The verse does not list a catalogue of modern discoveries. Its closing appeal to divine witness joins outward observation with inward honesty about the truth being encountered.",
    "The final question returns to meeting the Lord and to His encompassing knowledge. Nothing in the preceding scenes lies outside that horizon. The Surah closes by asking the reader to move from detached observation toward personal readiness for accountability."
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "start": 1,
      "end": 12,
      "title": "A clear message within a created world",
      "summary": "Mercy introduces revelation, while refusal closes hearing. Earth, provision and the ordered heavens call attention to the Creator beyond all rivals.",
      "reflection": "What helps you listen before deciding that there is nothing more to hear?"
    },
    {
      "start": 13,
      "end": 24,
      "title": "Strength, warning and the witnesses within",
      "summary": "Ad and Thamud illustrate the failure of arrogant refusal. At judgment, hearing, sight and skin testify to the life in which they participated.",
      "reflection": "Which choices would you change if you regarded your own daily actions as a truthful record?"
    },
    {
      "start": 25,
      "end": 36,
      "title": "Companionship and the better response",
      "summary": "Misleading companions and deliberate noise are contrasted with steadfast faith, reassuring welcome and the patient choice to answer harm with goodness.",
      "reflection": "Which voices help you act well when you feel provoked?"
    },
    {
      "start": 37,
      "end": 46,
      "title": "Signs, rain and the enduring Book",
      "summary": "Sun, moon and reviving rain direct attention to their Creator. Scripture is described as truthful guidance, while each person's deeds remain their responsibility.",
      "reflection": "Where can ordinary observation become thoughtful gratitude?"
    },
    {
      "start": 47,
      "end": 54,
      "title": "What is known, and what we still must learn",
      "summary": "Divine knowledge embraces the Hour and every emerging life. Human inconsistency is challenged, and signs across the horizons and within the self invite reflection.",
      "reflection": "How can gratitude during ease become as sincere as prayer during difficulty?"
    }
  ],
  "timeline": [
    {
      "title": "Before 622 CE · Makkan revelation",
      "year": 622,
      "body": "Quran.com classifies Fussilat as Makkan. The marker gives the boundary before the Hijrah, not an exact year for the Surah or any one passage.",
      "source": "https://quran.com/fussilat/info"
    },
    {
      "title": "622 CE · a calendar reference",
      "year": 622,
      "body": "The Hijrah is dated to 622 CE. It distinguishes broad revelation periods here; no precise revelation date is inferred from the boundary.",
      "source": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira"
    },
    {
      "title": "Ad and Thamud · undated in this passage",
      "year": null,
      "body": "Verses 13–18 recall earlier peoples and distinguish those who refused from believers who were delivered. The Surah supplies no archaeological date.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/041.htm"
    },
    {
      "title": "The Hour · knowledge belongs to Allah",
      "year": null,
      "body": "Verse 47 explicitly reserves knowledge of the Hour to Allah. Judgment and bodily testimony remain future scenes without a human calendar date.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/041.htm"
    }
  ],
  "places": [
    {
      "id": "makkah",
      "name": "Makkah · broad revelation setting",
      "body": "The Makkan classification places the Surah within the early proclamation in Makkah. The map marks the city broadly; no particular revelation chamber is claimed.",
      "lat": 21.4225,
      "lon": 39.8262,
      "source": "https://quran.com/fussilat/info",
      "image": 0
    },
    {
      "id": "ancient-peoples",
      "name": "The remembered lands of Ad and Thamud",
      "body": "The Surah names the peoples but does not locate the described events precisely. This scene evokes their warning without identifying a modern ruin as a proven site of punishment.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/041.htm",
      "image": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "revived-earth",
      "name": "Earth stirred by rain",
      "body": "Verse 39 moves from a lowly, dry surface to living growth. It is a general sign in the natural world, not a named field or a dated rainfall.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/041.htm",
      "image": 3
    },
    {
      "id": "horizons",
      "name": "The horizons and the human self",
      "body": "Verse 53 deliberately widens the setting beyond one town. Outward and inward signs invite reflection; the verse does not define a scientific itinerary or an earthly location for divine presence.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/041.htm",
      "image": 4
    }
  ],
  "people": [
    {
      "id": "muhammad",
      "title": "Muhammad · human messenger",
      "body": "Verse 6 affirms his humanity and the revelation entrusted to him. The Surah repeatedly addresses how he should convey the message and respond to opposition.",
      "verse": 6
    },
    {
      "id": "ad-thamud",
      "title": "Ad and Thamud · differing responses",
      "body": "These ancient peoples appear as warnings about arrogance and refused guidance. Verse 18 separately remembers believers who were delivered; the account does not condemn people merely for their ancestry.",
      "verse": 18
    },
    {
      "id": "steadfast",
      "title": "Those who remain steadfast",
      "body": "Verses 30–35 connect faith with sustained conduct, reassuring companionship and the patient ability to answer hostility with goodness.",
      "verse": 30
    },
    {
      "id": "musa",
      "title": "Moses · scripture and disagreement",
      "body": "Verse 45 recalls scripture given to Moses and later dispute concerning it. The comparison supplies perspective for Muhammad's audience, without a dated biography or asserted tomb location.",
      "verse": 45
    }
  ],
  "history": [
    {
      "title": "The name and the experience of listening",
      "body": "Fussilat takes its name from the description of the verses as explained in verse 3. Throughout the Surah, understanding is contrasted with chosen deafness, noise and refusal.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/041.htm"
    },
    {
      "title": "Reading the creation days carefully",
      "body": "Ibn Kathir explains the four days in verse 10 as including the earth's earlier two days. This is an attributed traditional reading, not a modern scientific timetable.",
      "source": "https://quran.com/41:9/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir"
    },
    {
      "title": "A broad Makkan setting",
      "body": "Quran.com's introduction classifies the chapter as Makkan and emphasizes its defense of revelation. The contextual calendar deliberately avoids assigning it an exact year.",
      "source": "https://quran.com/fussilat/info"
    },
    {
      "title": "A response that can change a relationship",
      "body": "Verses 34–36 place the better response beside patience and seeking refuge from provocation. Their counsel concerns cultivated conduct, rather than a guarantee that every hostile situation becomes safe immediately.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/041.htm"
    }
  ],
  "revelationNote": "Classified as Makkan. The 622 CE marker is only a period boundary. The chapter begins in Juz 24; Juz 25 starts at 41:47. Ancient events, creation and the Hour are not given speculative dates.",
  "translationNote": "English translation: Sahih International, via AlQuran Cloud. Original source wording is preserved.",
  "verses": [
    {
      "n": 1,
      "arabic": "حمٓ",
      "translation": "Ha, Meem."
    },
    {
      "n": 2,
      "arabic": "تَنزِيلٌۭ مِّنَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ",
      "translation": "[This is] a revelation from the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful -"
    },
    {
      "n": 3,
      "arabic": "كِتَٰبٌۭ فُصِّلَتْ ءَايَٰتُهُۥ قُرْءَانًا عَرَبِيًّۭا لِّقَوْمٍۢ يَعْلَمُونَ",
      "translation": "A Book whose verses have been detailed, an Arabic Qur'an for a people who know,"
    },
    {
      "n": 4,
      "arabic": "بَشِيرًۭا وَنَذِيرًۭا فَأَعْرَضَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ فَهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ",
      "translation": "As a giver of good tidings and a warner; but most of them turn away, so they do not hear."
    },
    {
      "n": 5,
      "arabic": "وَقَالُوا۟ قُلُوبُنَا فِىٓ أَكِنَّةٍۢ مِّمَّا تَدْعُونَآ إِلَيْهِ وَفِىٓ ءَاذَانِنَا وَقْرٌۭ وَمِنۢ بَيْنِنَا وَبَيْنِكَ حِجَابٌۭ فَٱعْمَلْ إِنَّنَا عَٰمِلُونَ",
      "translation": "And they say, \"Our hearts are within coverings from that to which you invite us, and in our ears is deafness, and between us and you is a partition, so work; indeed, we are working.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 6,
      "arabic": "قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ بَشَرٌۭ مِّثْلُكُمْ يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَىَّ أَنَّمَآ إِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌۭ وَٰحِدٌۭ فَٱسْتَقِيمُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِ وَٱسْتَغْفِرُوهُ ۗ وَوَيْلٌۭ لِّلْمُشْرِكِينَ",
      "translation": "Say, O [Muhammad], \"I am only a man like you to whom it has been revealed that your god is but one God; so take a straight course to Him and seek His forgiveness.\" And woe to those who associate others with Allah -"
    },
    {
      "n": 7,
      "arabic": "ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَهُم بِٱلْءَاخِرَةِ هُمْ كَٰفِرُونَ",
      "translation": "Those who do not give zakah, and in the Hereafter they are disbelievers."
    },
    {
      "n": 8,
      "arabic": "إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ لَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍۢ",
      "translation": "Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds - for them is a reward uninterrupted."
    },
    {
      "n": 9,
      "arabic": "۞ قُلْ أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْفُرُونَ بِٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلْأَرْضَ فِى يَوْمَيْنِ وَتَجْعَلُونَ لَهُۥٓ أَندَادًۭا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ رَبُّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ",
      "translation": "Say, \"Do you indeed disbelieve in He who created the earth in two days and attribute to Him equals? That is the Lord of the worlds.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 10,
      "arabic": "وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَٰسِىَ مِن فَوْقِهَا وَبَٰرَكَ فِيهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيهَآ أَقْوَٰتَهَا فِىٓ أَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍۢ سَوَآءًۭ لِّلسَّآئِلِينَ",
      "translation": "And He placed on the earth firmly set mountains over its surface, and He blessed it and determined therein its [creatures'] sustenance in four days without distinction - for [the information] of those who ask."
    },
    {
      "n": 11,
      "arabic": "ثُمَّ ٱسْتَوَىٰٓ إِلَى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَهِىَ دُخَانٌۭ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَلِلْأَرْضِ ٱئْتِيَا طَوْعًا أَوْ كَرْهًۭا قَالَتَآ أَتَيْنَا طَآئِعِينَ",
      "translation": "Then He directed Himself to the heaven while it was smoke and said to it and to the earth, \"Come [into being], willingly or by compulsion.\" They said, \"We have come willingly.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 12,
      "arabic": "فَقَضَىٰهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمَٰوَاتٍۢ فِى يَوْمَيْنِ وَأَوْحَىٰ فِى كُلِّ سَمَآءٍ أَمْرَهَا ۚ وَزَيَّنَّا ٱلسَّمَآءَ ٱلدُّنْيَا بِمَصَٰبِيحَ وَحِفْظًۭا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْعَلِيمِ",
      "translation": "And He completed them as seven heavens within two days and inspired in each heaven its command. And We adorned the nearest heaven with lamps and as protection. That is the determination of the Exalted in Might, the Knowing."
    },
    {
      "n": 13,
      "arabic": "فَإِنْ أَعْرَضُوا۟ فَقُلْ أَنذَرْتُكُمْ صَٰعِقَةًۭ مِّثْلَ صَٰعِقَةِ عَادٍۢ وَثَمُودَ",
      "translation": "But if they turn away, then say, \"I have warned you of a thunderbolt like the thunderbolt [that struck] 'Aad and Thamud."
    },
    {
      "n": 14,
      "arabic": "إِذْ جَآءَتْهُمُ ٱلرُّسُلُ مِنۢ بَيْنِ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوٓا۟ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَ ۖ قَالُوا۟ لَوْ شَآءَ رَبُّنَا لَأَنزَلَ مَلَٰٓئِكَةًۭ فَإِنَّا بِمَآ أُرْسِلْتُم بِهِۦ كَٰفِرُونَ",
      "translation": "[That occurred] when the messengers had come to them before them and after them, [saying], \"Worship not except Allah.\" They said, \"If our Lord had willed, He would have sent down the angels, so indeed we, in that with which you have been sent, are disbelievers.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 15,
      "arabic": "فَأَمَّا عَادٌۭ فَٱسْتَكْبَرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ ٱلْحَقِّ وَقَالُوا۟ مَنْ أَشَدُّ مِنَّا قُوَّةً ۖ أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَهُمْ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةًۭ ۖ وَكَانُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا يَجْحَدُونَ",
      "translation": "As for 'Aad, they were arrogant upon the earth without right and said, \"Who is greater than us in strength?\" Did they not consider that Allah who created them was greater than them in strength? But they were rejecting Our signs."
    },
    {
      "n": 16,
      "arabic": "فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًۭا صَرْصَرًۭا فِىٓ أَيَّامٍۢ نَّحِسَاتٍۢ لِّنُذِيقَهُمْ عَذَابَ ٱلْخِزْىِ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ وَلَعَذَابُ ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ أَخْزَىٰ ۖ وَهُمْ لَا يُنصَرُونَ",
      "translation": "So We sent upon them a screaming wind during days of misfortune to make them taste the punishment of disgrace in the worldly life; but the punishment of the Hereafter is more disgracing, and they will not be helped."
    },
    {
      "n": 17,
      "arabic": "وَأَمَّا ثَمُودُ فَهَدَيْنَٰهُمْ فَٱسْتَحَبُّوا۟ ٱلْعَمَىٰ عَلَى ٱلْهُدَىٰ فَأَخَذَتْهُمْ صَٰعِقَةُ ٱلْعَذَابِ ٱلْهُونِ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ",
      "translation": "And as for Thamud, We guided them, but they preferred blindness over guidance, so the thunderbolt of humiliating punishment seized them for what they used to earn."
    },
    {
      "n": 18,
      "arabic": "وَنَجَّيْنَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَكَانُوا۟ يَتَّقُونَ",
      "translation": "And We saved those who believed and used to fear Allah."
    },
    {
      "n": 19,
      "arabic": "وَيَوْمَ يُحْشَرُ أَعْدَآءُ ٱللَّهِ إِلَى ٱلنَّارِ فَهُمْ يُوزَعُونَ",
      "translation": "And [mention, O Muhammad], the Day when the enemies of Allah will be gathered to the Fire while they are [driven] assembled in rows,"
    },
    {
      "n": 20,
      "arabic": "حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا مَا جَآءُوهَا شَهِدَ عَلَيْهِمْ سَمْعُهُمْ وَأَبْصَٰرُهُمْ وَجُلُودُهُم بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَعْمَلُونَ",
      "translation": "Until, when they reach it, their hearing and their eyes and their skins will testify against them of what they used to do."
    },
    {
      "n": 21,
      "arabic": "وَقَالُوا۟ لِجُلُودِهِمْ لِمَ شَهِدتُّمْ عَلَيْنَا ۖ قَالُوٓا۟ أَنطَقَنَا ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنطَقَ كُلَّ شَىْءٍۢ وَهُوَ خَلَقَكُمْ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍۢ وَإِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ",
      "translation": "And they will say to their skins, \"Why have you testified against us?\" They will say, \"We were made to speak by Allah, who has made everything speak; and He created you the first time, and to Him you are returned."
    },
    {
      "n": 22,
      "arabic": "وَمَا كُنتُمْ تَسْتَتِرُونَ أَن يَشْهَدَ عَلَيْكُمْ سَمْعُكُمْ وَلَآ أَبْصَٰرُكُمْ وَلَا جُلُودُكُمْ وَلَٰكِن ظَنَنتُمْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَعْلَمُ كَثِيرًۭا مِّمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ",
      "translation": "And you were not covering yourselves, lest your hearing testify against you or your sight or your skins, but you assumed that Allah does not know much of what you do."
    },
    {
      "n": 23,
      "arabic": "وَذَٰلِكُمْ ظَنُّكُمُ ٱلَّذِى ظَنَنتُم بِرَبِّكُمْ أَرْدَىٰكُمْ فَأَصْبَحْتُم مِّنَ ٱلْخَٰسِرِينَ",
      "translation": "And that was your assumption which you assumed about your Lord. It has brought you to ruin, and you have become among the losers.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 24,
      "arabic": "فَإِن يَصْبِرُوا۟ فَٱلنَّارُ مَثْوًۭى لَّهُمْ ۖ وَإِن يَسْتَعْتِبُوا۟ فَمَا هُم مِّنَ ٱلْمُعْتَبِينَ",
      "translation": "So [even] if they are patient, the Fire is a residence for them; and if they ask to appease [Allah], they will not be of those who are allowed to appease."
    },
    {
      "n": 25,
      "arabic": "۞ وَقَيَّضْنَا لَهُمْ قُرَنَآءَ فَزَيَّنُوا۟ لَهُم مَّا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمَا خَلْفَهُمْ وَحَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْقَوْلُ فِىٓ أُمَمٍۢ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِم مِّنَ ٱلْجِنِّ وَٱلْإِنسِ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ خَٰسِرِينَ",
      "translation": "And We appointed for them companions who made attractive to them what was before them and what was behind them [of sin], and the word has come into effect upon them among nations which had passed on before them of jinn and men. Indeed, they [all] were losers."
    },
    {
      "n": 26,
      "arabic": "وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لَا تَسْمَعُوا۟ لِهَٰذَا ٱلْقُرْءَانِ وَٱلْغَوْا۟ فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَغْلِبُونَ",
      "translation": "And those who disbelieve say, \"Do not listen to this Qur'an and speak noisily during [the recitation of] it that perhaps you will overcome.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 27,
      "arabic": "فَلَنُذِيقَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ عَذَابًۭا شَدِيدًۭا وَلَنَجْزِيَنَّهُمْ أَسْوَأَ ٱلَّذِى كَانُوا۟ يَعْمَلُونَ",
      "translation": "But We will surely cause those who disbelieve to taste a severe punishment, and We will surely recompense them for the worst of what they had been doing."
    },
    {
      "n": 28,
      "arabic": "ذَٰلِكَ جَزَآءُ أَعْدَآءِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّارُ ۖ لَهُمْ فِيهَا دَارُ ٱلْخُلْدِ ۖ جَزَآءًۢ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا يَجْحَدُونَ",
      "translation": "That is the recompense of the enemies of Allah - the Fire. For them therein is the home of eternity as recompense for what they, of Our verses, were rejecting."
    },
    {
      "n": 29,
      "arabic": "وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ رَبَّنَآ أَرِنَا ٱلَّذَيْنِ أَضَلَّانَا مِنَ ٱلْجِنِّ وَٱلْإِنسِ نَجْعَلْهُمَا تَحْتَ أَقْدَامِنَا لِيَكُونَا مِنَ ٱلْأَسْفَلِينَ",
      "translation": "And those who disbelieved will [then] say, \"Our Lord, show us those who misled us of the jinn and men [so] we may put them under our feet that they will be among the lowest.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 30,
      "arabic": "إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوا۟ رَبُّنَا ٱللَّهُ ثُمَّ ٱسْتَقَٰمُوا۟ تَتَنَزَّلُ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ أَلَّا تَخَافُوا۟ وَلَا تَحْزَنُوا۟ وَأَبْشِرُوا۟ بِٱلْجَنَّةِ ٱلَّتِى كُنتُمْ تُوعَدُونَ",
      "translation": "Indeed, those who have said, \"Our Lord is Allah \" and then remained on a right course - the angels will descend upon them, [saying], \"Do not fear and do not grieve but receive good tidings of Paradise, which you were promised."
    },
    {
      "n": 31,
      "arabic": "نَحْنُ أَوْلِيَآؤُكُمْ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَفِى ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ ۖ وَلَكُمْ فِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِىٓ أَنفُسُكُمْ وَلَكُمْ فِيهَا مَا تَدَّعُونَ",
      "translation": "We [angels] were your allies in worldly life and [are so] in the Hereafter. And you will have therein whatever your souls desire, and you will have therein whatever you request [or wish]"
    },
    {
      "n": 32,
      "arabic": "نُزُلًۭا مِّنْ غَفُورٍۢ رَّحِيمٍۢ",
      "translation": "As accommodation from a [Lord who is] Forgiving and Merciful.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 33,
      "arabic": "وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ قَوْلًۭا مِّمَّن دَعَآ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحًۭا وَقَالَ إِنَّنِى مِنَ ٱلْمُسْلِمِينَ",
      "translation": "And who is better in speech than one who invites to Allah and does righteousness and says, \"Indeed, I am of the Muslims.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 34,
      "arabic": "وَلَا تَسْتَوِى ٱلْحَسَنَةُ وَلَا ٱلسَّيِّئَةُ ۚ ٱدْفَعْ بِٱلَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ فَإِذَا ٱلَّذِى بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُۥ عَدَٰوَةٌۭ كَأَنَّهُۥ وَلِىٌّ حَمِيمٌۭ",
      "translation": "And not equal are the good deed and the bad. Repel [evil] by that [deed] which is better; and thereupon the one whom between you and him is enmity [will become] as though he was a devoted friend."
    },
    {
      "n": 35,
      "arabic": "وَمَا يُلَقَّىٰهَآ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا۟ وَمَا يُلَقَّىٰهَآ إِلَّا ذُو حَظٍّ عَظِيمٍۢ",
      "translation": "But none is granted it except those who are patient, and none is granted it except one having a great portion [of good]."
    },
    {
      "n": 36,
      "arabic": "وَإِمَّا يَنزَغَنَّكَ مِنَ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنِ نَزْغٌۭ فَٱسْتَعِذْ بِٱللَّهِ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ",
      "translation": "And if there comes to you from Satan an evil suggestion, then seek refuge in Allah. Indeed, He is the Hearing, the Knowing."
    },
    {
      "n": 37,
      "arabic": "وَمِنْ ءَايَٰتِهِ ٱلَّيْلُ وَٱلنَّهَارُ وَٱلشَّمْسُ وَٱلْقَمَرُ ۚ لَا تَسْجُدُوا۟ لِلشَّمْسِ وَلَا لِلْقَمَرِ وَٱسْجُدُوا۟ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَهُنَّ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ",
      "translation": "And of His signs are the night and day and the sun and moon. Do not prostrate to the sun or to the moon, but prostate to Allah, who created them, if it should be Him that you worship."
    },
    {
      "n": 38,
      "arabic": "فَإِنِ ٱسْتَكْبَرُوا۟ فَٱلَّذِينَ عِندَ رَبِّكَ يُسَبِّحُونَ لَهُۥ بِٱلَّيْلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَهُمْ لَا يَسْـَٔمُونَ ۩",
      "translation": "But if they are arrogant - then those who are near your Lord exalt Him by night and by day, and they do not become weary."
    },
    {
      "n": 39,
      "arabic": "وَمِنْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَنَّكَ تَرَى ٱلْأَرْضَ خَٰشِعَةًۭ فَإِذَآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْهَا ٱلْمَآءَ ٱهْتَزَّتْ وَرَبَتْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَحْيَاهَا لَمُحْىِ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰٓ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ قَدِيرٌ",
      "translation": "And of His signs is that you see the earth stilled, but when We send down upon it rain, it quivers and grows. Indeed, He who has given it life is the Giver of Life to the dead. Indeed, He is over all things competent."
    },
    {
      "n": 40,
      "arabic": "إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يُلْحِدُونَ فِىٓ ءَايَٰتِنَا لَا يَخْفَوْنَ عَلَيْنَآ ۗ أَفَمَن يُلْقَىٰ فِى ٱلنَّارِ خَيْرٌ أَم مَّن يَأْتِىٓ ءَامِنًۭا يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ ۚ ٱعْمَلُوا۟ مَا شِئْتُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ",
      "translation": "Indeed, those who inject deviation into Our verses are not concealed from Us. So, is he who is cast into the Fire better or he who comes secure on the Day of Resurrection? Do whatever you will; indeed, He is Seeing of what you do."
    },
    {
      "n": 41,
      "arabic": "إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بِٱلذِّكْرِ لَمَّا جَآءَهُمْ ۖ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَكِتَٰبٌ عَزِيزٌۭ",
      "translation": "Indeed, those who disbelieve in the message after it has come to them... And indeed, it is a mighty Book."
    },
    {
      "n": 42,
      "arabic": "لَّا يَأْتِيهِ ٱلْبَٰطِلُ مِنۢ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَلَا مِنْ خَلْفِهِۦ ۖ تَنزِيلٌۭ مِّنْ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٍۢ",
      "translation": "Falsehood cannot approach it from before it or from behind it; [it is] a revelation from a [Lord who is] Wise and Praiseworthy."
    },
    {
      "n": 43,
      "arabic": "مَّا يُقَالُ لَكَ إِلَّا مَا قَدْ قِيلَ لِلرُّسُلِ مِن قَبْلِكَ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍۢ وَذُو عِقَابٍ أَلِيمٍۢ",
      "translation": "Nothing is said to you, [O Muhammad], except what was already said to the messengers before you. Indeed, your Lord is a possessor of forgiveness and a possessor of painful penalty."
    },
    {
      "n": 44,
      "arabic": "وَلَوْ جَعَلْنَٰهُ قُرْءَانًا أَعْجَمِيًّۭا لَّقَالُوا۟ لَوْلَا فُصِّلَتْ ءَايَٰتُهُۥٓ ۖ ءَا۬عْجَمِىٌّۭ وَعَرَبِىٌّۭ ۗ قُلْ هُوَ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ هُدًۭى وَشِفَآءٌۭ ۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ فِىٓ ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَقْرٌۭ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَمًى ۚ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ يُنَادَوْنَ مِن مَّكَانٍۭ بَعِيدٍۢ",
      "translation": "And if We had made it a non-Arabic Qur'an, they would have said, \"Why are its verses not explained in detail [in our language]? Is it a foreign [recitation] and an Arab [messenger]?\" Say, \"It is, for those who believe, a guidance and cure.\" And those who do not believe - in their ears is deafness, and it is upon them blindness. Those are being called from a distant place."
    },
    {
      "n": 45,
      "arabic": "وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى ٱلْكِتَٰبَ فَٱخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ ۗ وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌۭ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِىَ بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَفِى شَكٍّۢ مِّنْهُ مُرِيبٍۢ",
      "translation": "And We had already given Moses the Scripture, but it came under disagreement. And if not for a word that preceded from your Lord, it would have been concluded between them. And indeed they are, concerning the Qur'an, in disquieting doubt."
    },
    {
      "n": 46,
      "arabic": "مَّنْ عَمِلَ صَٰلِحًۭا فَلِنَفْسِهِۦ ۖ وَمَنْ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيْهَا ۗ وَمَا رَبُّكَ بِظَلَّٰمٍۢ لِّلْعَبِيدِ",
      "translation": "Whoever does righteousness - it is for his [own] soul; and whoever does evil [does so] against it. And your Lord is not ever unjust to [His] servants."
    },
    {
      "n": 47,
      "arabic": "۞ إِلَيْهِ يُرَدُّ عِلْمُ ٱلسَّاعَةِ ۚ وَمَا تَخْرُجُ مِن ثَمَرَٰتٍۢ مِّنْ أَكْمَامِهَا وَمَا تَحْمِلُ مِنْ أُنثَىٰ وَلَا تَضَعُ إِلَّا بِعِلْمِهِۦ ۚ وَيَوْمَ يُنَادِيهِمْ أَيْنَ شُرَكَآءِى قَالُوٓا۟ ءَاذَنَّٰكَ مَا مِنَّا مِن شَهِيدٍۢ",
      "translation": "To him [alone] is attributed knowledge of the Hour. And fruits emerge not from their coverings nor does a female conceive or give birth except with His knowledge. And the Day He will call to them, \"Where are My 'partners'?\" they will say, \"We announce to You that there is [no longer] among us any witness [to that].\""
    },
    {
      "n": 48,
      "arabic": "وَضَلَّ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُوا۟ يَدْعُونَ مِن قَبْلُ ۖ وَظَنُّوا۟ مَا لَهُم مِّن مَّحِيصٍۢ",
      "translation": "And lost from them will be those they were invoking before, and they will be certain that they have no place of escape."
    },
    {
      "n": 49,
      "arabic": "لَّا يَسْـَٔمُ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ مِن دُعَآءِ ٱلْخَيْرِ وَإِن مَّسَّهُ ٱلشَّرُّ فَيَـُٔوسٌۭ قَنُوطٌۭ",
      "translation": "Man is not weary of supplication for good [things], but if evil touches him, he is hopeless and despairing."
    },
    {
      "n": 50,
      "arabic": "وَلَئِنْ أَذَقْنَٰهُ رَحْمَةًۭ مِّنَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ ضَرَّآءَ مَسَّتْهُ لَيَقُولَنَّ هَٰذَا لِى وَمَآ أَظُنُّ ٱلسَّاعَةَ قَآئِمَةًۭ وَلَئِن رُّجِعْتُ إِلَىٰ رَبِّىٓ إِنَّ لِى عِندَهُۥ لَلْحُسْنَىٰ ۚ فَلَنُنَبِّئَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بِمَا عَمِلُوا۟ وَلَنُذِيقَنَّهُم مِّنْ عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍۢ",
      "translation": "And if We let him taste mercy from Us after an adversity which has touched him, he will surely say, \"This is [due] to me, and I do not think the Hour will occur; and [even] if I should be returned to my Lord, indeed, for me there will be with Him the best.\" But We will surely inform those who disbelieved about what they did, and We will surely make them taste a massive punishment."
    },
    {
      "n": 51,
      "arabic": "وَإِذَآ أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَى ٱلْإِنسَٰنِ أَعْرَضَ وَنَـَٔا بِجَانِبِهِۦ وَإِذَا مَسَّهُ ٱلشَّرُّ فَذُو دُعَآءٍ عَرِيضٍۢ",
      "translation": "And when We bestow favor upon man, he turns away and distances himself; but when evil touches him, then he is full of extensive supplication."
    },
    {
      "n": 52,
      "arabic": "قُلْ أَرَءَيْتُمْ إِن كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ كَفَرْتُم بِهِۦ مَنْ أَضَلُّ مِمَّنْ هُوَ فِى شِقَاقٍۭ بَعِيدٍۢ",
      "translation": "Say, \"Have you considered: if the Qur'an is from Allah and you disbelieved in it, who would be more astray than one who is in extreme dissension?\""
    },
    {
      "n": 53,
      "arabic": "سَنُرِيهِمْ ءَايَٰتِنَا فِى ٱلْءَافَاقِ وَفِىٓ أَنفُسِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ ٱلْحَقُّ ۗ أَوَلَمْ يَكْفِ بِرَبِّكَ أَنَّهُۥ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ شَهِيدٌ",
      "translation": "We will show them Our signs in the horizons and within themselves until it becomes clear to them that it is the truth. But is it not sufficient concerning your Lord that He is, over all things, a Witness?"
    },
    {
      "n": 54,
      "arabic": "أَلَآ إِنَّهُمْ فِى مِرْيَةٍۢ مِّن لِّقَآءِ رَبِّهِمْ ۗ أَلَآ إِنَّهُۥ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ مُّحِيطٌۢ",
      "translation": "Unquestionably, they are in doubt about the meeting with their Lord. Unquestionably He is, of all things, encompassing."
    }
  ],
  "glosses": [
    [
      "Ha Meem."
    ],
    [
      "A revelation",
      "from",
      "the Most Gracious,",
      "the Most Merciful,"
    ],
    [
      "A Book,",
      "are detailed",
      "its Verses,",
      "a Quran",
      "(in) Arabic",
      "for a people",
      "(who) know,"
    ],
    [
      "A giver of glad tidings",
      "and a warner;",
      "but turn away",
      "most of them,",
      "so they",
      "(do) not",
      "hear."
    ],
    [
      "And they say,",
      "\"Our hearts",
      "(are) in",
      "coverings",
      "from what",
      "you call us",
      "to it,",
      "and in",
      "our ears",
      "(is) deafness,",
      "and [from]",
      "between us",
      "and between you",
      "(is) a screen.",
      "So work,",
      "indeed, we",
      "(are) working.\""
    ],
    [
      "Say,",
      "\"Only",
      "I am",
      "a man",
      "like you,",
      "it is revealed",
      "to me",
      "that",
      "your god",
      "(is) God",
      "One;",
      "so take a Straight Path",
      "to Him",
      "and ask His forgiveness.\"",
      "And woe",
      "to the polytheists,"
    ],
    [
      "Those who",
      "(do) not",
      "give",
      "the zakah,",
      "and they",
      "in the Hereafter",
      "they",
      "(are) disbelievers."
    ],
    [
      "Indeed,",
      "those who",
      "believe",
      "and do",
      "righteous deeds,",
      "for them",
      "(is) a reward",
      "not",
      "cut off"
    ],
    [
      "Say,",
      "\"Do you indeed",
      "[surely] disbelieve",
      "in the One Who",
      "created",
      "the earth",
      "in",
      "two periods",
      "and you set up",
      "with Him",
      "rivals?",
      "That",
      "(is the) Lord",
      "(of) the worlds.\""
    ],
    [
      "And He placed",
      "therein",
      "firmly-set mountains",
      "from",
      "above it",
      "and He blessed",
      "therein,",
      "and determined",
      "therein",
      "its sustenance",
      "in",
      "four",
      "periods",
      "equal,",
      "for those who ask."
    ],
    [
      "Then",
      "He directed (Himself)",
      "towards",
      "the heaven",
      "while it (was)",
      "smoke,",
      "and He said",
      "to it",
      "and to the earth,",
      "\"Come both of you",
      "willingly",
      "or",
      "unwillingly.\"",
      "They both said,",
      "\"We come",
      "willingly.\""
    ],
    [
      "Then He completed them",
      "(as) seven",
      "heavens",
      "in",
      "two periods",
      "and He revealed",
      "in",
      "each",
      "heaven",
      "its affair.",
      "And We adorned",
      "the heaven,",
      "[the world]",
      "with lamps",
      "and (to) guard.",
      "That",
      "(is the) Decree",
      "(of) the All-Mighty,",
      "the All-Knower."
    ],
    [
      "But if",
      "they turn away,",
      "then say,",
      "\"I have warned you",
      "(of) a thunderbolt",
      "like",
      "(the) thunderbolt",
      "(of) Aad",
      "and Thamud.\""
    ],
    [
      "When",
      "came to them",
      "the Messengers",
      "from",
      "before",
      "them (lit. their hands)",
      "and from",
      "behind them,",
      "(saying) \"Do not",
      "worship",
      "except",
      "Allah.\"",
      "They said,",
      "\"If",
      "(had) willed",
      "our Lord,",
      "surely, He (would have) sent down",
      "Angels.",
      "So indeed, we",
      "in what",
      "you have been sent",
      "with",
      "(are) disbelievers.\""
    ],
    [
      "Then as for",
      "Aad,",
      "they were arrogant",
      "in",
      "the land",
      "without",
      "[the] right",
      "and they said,",
      "\"Who",
      "(is) mightier",
      "than us",
      "(in) strength?\"",
      "Do not",
      "they see",
      "that",
      "Allah,",
      "the One Who",
      "created them,",
      "He",
      "(is) Mightier",
      "than them",
      "(in) strength?",
      "But they used to,",
      "in Our Signs,",
      "deny."
    ],
    [
      "So We sent",
      "upon them",
      "a wind",
      "furious",
      "in",
      "(the) days",
      "(of) misfortune,",
      "that We may make them taste",
      "(the) punishment",
      "(of) disgrace",
      "in",
      "the life",
      "(of) the world.",
      "And surely, (the) punishment",
      "(of) the Hereafter",
      "(is) more disgracing,",
      "and they",
      "not",
      "will they be helped"
    ],
    [
      "And as for",
      "Thamud,",
      "We guided them,",
      "but they preferred",
      "[the] blindness",
      "over",
      "the guidance,",
      "so seized them",
      "a thunderbolt",
      "(of) the punishment",
      "humiliating,",
      "for what",
      "they used to",
      "earn."
    ],
    [
      "And We saved",
      "those who",
      "believed",
      "and used to",
      "fear (Allah)."
    ],
    [
      "And (the) Day",
      "will be gathered",
      "(the) enemies",
      "(of) Allah",
      "to",
      "the Fire,",
      "then they",
      "will be assembled in rows,"
    ],
    [
      "Until,",
      "when",
      "[emphasis]",
      "they come to it",
      "(will) testify",
      "against them",
      "their hearing,",
      "and their sight,",
      "and their skins,",
      "(as) to what",
      "they used to",
      "do."
    ],
    [
      "And they will say",
      "to their skins,",
      "\"Why do",
      "you testify",
      "against us?\"",
      "They will say,",
      "made us speak",
      "Allah",
      "the One Who",
      "makes speak",
      "every",
      "thing;",
      "and He",
      "created you",
      "(the) first",
      "time,",
      "and to Him",
      "you will be returned.\""
    ],
    [
      "And not",
      "you were",
      "covering yourselves",
      "lest",
      "testify",
      "against you",
      "your hearing",
      "and not",
      "your sight",
      "and not",
      "your skins,",
      "but",
      "you assumed",
      "that",
      "Allah",
      "(does) not",
      "know",
      "much",
      "of what",
      "you do."
    ],
    [
      "And that",
      "(was) your assumption",
      "which",
      "you assumed",
      "about your Lord.",
      "It has ruined you,",
      "and you have become",
      "of",
      "the losers."
    ],
    [
      "Then if",
      "they endure,",
      "the Fire",
      "(is) an abode",
      "for them;",
      "and if",
      "they ask for favor,",
      "then not",
      "they",
      "(will be) of",
      "those who receive favor."
    ],
    [
      "And We have destined",
      "for them",
      "companions",
      "(who) made fair-seeming",
      "to them,",
      "what",
      "before",
      "them (lit. their hands)",
      "and what",
      "(was) behind them,",
      "and (is) justified",
      "against them",
      "the Word",
      "among",
      "nations",
      "already",
      "passed away",
      "[from]",
      "before them",
      "of",
      "the jinn",
      "and the men.",
      "Indeed, they",
      "were",
      "losers."
    ],
    [
      "And said",
      "those who",
      "disbelieve,",
      "\"(Do) not",
      "listen",
      "to this",
      "Quran,",
      "and make noise",
      "therein,",
      "so that you may",
      "overcome.\""
    ],
    [
      "But surely We will cause to taste",
      "those who",
      "disbelieve",
      "a punishment",
      "severe,",
      "and surely We will recompense them",
      "(the) worst",
      "(of) what",
      "they used to",
      "do."
    ],
    [
      "That",
      "(is the) recompense",
      "(of the) enemies",
      "(of) Allah -",
      "the Fire;",
      "for them",
      "therein",
      "(is the) home",
      "(of) the eternity",
      "(as) recompense",
      "for what",
      "they used to,",
      "of Our Verses,",
      "reject."
    ],
    [
      "And (will) say",
      "those who",
      "disbelieve,",
      "\"Our Lord!",
      "Show us",
      "those who",
      "misled us",
      "of",
      "the jinn",
      "and the men,",
      "(so) we may put them",
      "under",
      "our feet,",
      "that they be",
      "of",
      "the lowest.\""
    ],
    [
      "Indeed,",
      "those who",
      "say,",
      "\"Our Lord,",
      "(is) Allah,\"",
      "then",
      "stand firm -",
      "will descend",
      "on them",
      "the Angels,",
      "\"(Do) not",
      "fear,",
      "and (do) not",
      "grieve",
      "but receive the glad tidings",
      "of Paradise",
      "which",
      "you were",
      "promised."
    ],
    [
      "We",
      "(are) your protectors",
      "in",
      "the life",
      "(of) the world",
      "and in",
      "the Hereafter.",
      "And for you",
      "therein",
      "whatever",
      "desire",
      "your souls,",
      "and for you",
      "therein",
      "what",
      "you ask,"
    ],
    [
      "A hospitable gift",
      "from",
      "(the) Oft-Forgiving,",
      "(the) Most Merciful.\""
    ],
    [
      "And who",
      "(is) better",
      "(in) speech",
      "than (one) who",
      "invites",
      "to",
      "Allah",
      "and does",
      "righteous (deeds)",
      "and says,",
      "\"Indeed, I am",
      "of",
      "those who submit?\""
    ],
    [
      "And not",
      "(are) equal",
      "the good (deed)",
      "and",
      "the evil (deed).",
      "Repel",
      "by (that) which",
      "[it]",
      "(is) better;",
      "then behold!",
      "One who,",
      "between you",
      "and between him,",
      "(was) enmity,",
      "(will become) as if he",
      "(was) a friend",
      "intimate."
    ],
    [
      "And not",
      "it is granted",
      "except",
      "(to) those who",
      "(are) patient",
      "and not",
      "it is granted",
      "except",
      "(to the) owner",
      "(of) fortune",
      "great."
    ],
    [
      "And if",
      "whisper comes to you",
      "from",
      "the Shaitaan,",
      "an evil suggestion,",
      "then seek refuge",
      "in Allah.",
      "Indeed, He",
      "[He]",
      "(is) the All-Hearer,",
      "the All-Knower."
    ],
    [
      "And of",
      "His Signs",
      "(are) the night",
      "and the day",
      "and the sun",
      "and the moon.",
      "(Do) not",
      "prostrate",
      "to the sun",
      "and not",
      "to the moon,",
      "but prostrate",
      "to Allah",
      "the One Who",
      "created them,",
      "if",
      "you,",
      "Him alone,",
      "worship."
    ],
    [
      "But if",
      "they are arrogant,",
      "then those who",
      "(are) near",
      "your Lord,",
      "glorify",
      "Him",
      "by night",
      "and day.",
      "And they",
      "(do) not",
      "tire."
    ],
    [
      "And among",
      "His Signs",
      "(is) that you",
      "see",
      "the earth",
      "barren,",
      "but when",
      "We send down",
      "upon it",
      "water",
      "it is stirred (to life)",
      "and grows.",
      "Indeed,",
      "the One Who",
      "gives it life,",
      "(is) surely the Giver of life",
      "(to) the dead.",
      "Indeed, He",
      "(is) on",
      "every",
      "thing",
      "All-Powerful."
    ],
    [
      "Indeed,",
      "those who",
      "distort",
      "[in]",
      "Our Verses",
      "(are) not",
      "hidden",
      "from Us.",
      "So, is (he) who",
      "is cast",
      "in",
      "the Fire",
      "better",
      "or",
      "(he) who",
      "comes",
      "secure",
      "(on the) Day",
      "(of) Resurrection?",
      "Do",
      "what",
      "you will.",
      "Indeed, He",
      "of what",
      "you do",
      "(is) All-Seer."
    ],
    [
      "Indeed,",
      "those who",
      "disbelieve",
      "in the Reminder",
      "when",
      "it comes to them.",
      "And indeed, it",
      "(is) surely a Book",
      "mighty."
    ],
    [
      "Not",
      "comes to it",
      "the falsehood",
      "from",
      "before",
      "it (lit. its hands)",
      "and not",
      "from",
      "behind it.",
      "A Revelation",
      "from",
      "(the) All-Wise,",
      "(the) Praiseworthy."
    ],
    [
      "Not",
      "is said",
      "to you",
      "except",
      "what",
      "already",
      "was said",
      "to the Messengers",
      "[from]",
      "before you",
      "Indeed,",
      "your Lord",
      "(is) Possessor",
      "(of) forgiveness,",
      "and Possessor",
      "(of) penalty",
      "painful."
    ],
    [
      "And if",
      "We (had) made it",
      "a Quran",
      "(in) a foreign (language),",
      "they (would have) said,",
      "\"Why not",
      "are explained in detail",
      "its verses?",
      "(Is it) a foreign (language)",
      "and an Arab?\"",
      "Say,",
      "\"It (is)",
      "for those who",
      "believe,",
      "a guidance",
      "and a healing.\"",
      "And those who",
      "(do) not",
      "believe,",
      "in",
      "their ears",
      "(is) deafness,",
      "and it",
      "(is) for them",
      "blindness.",
      "Those",
      "are being called",
      "from",
      "a place",
      "far.\""
    ],
    [
      "And certainly,",
      "We gave",
      "Musa",
      "the Book,",
      "but disputes arose",
      "therein.",
      "And had it not been",
      "(for) a word",
      "(that) preceded",
      "from",
      "your Lord,",
      "surely, would have been settled",
      "between them.",
      "But indeed, they",
      "surely (are) in",
      "doubt",
      "about it",
      "disquieting."
    ],
    [
      "Whoever",
      "does",
      "righteous deeds",
      "then it is for his soul;",
      "and whoever",
      "does evil,",
      "then it is against it.",
      "And not",
      "(is) your Lord",
      "unjust",
      "to His slaves."
    ],
    [
      "To Him",
      "is referred",
      "(the) knowledge",
      "(of) the Hour.",
      "And not",
      "comes out",
      "any",
      "fruits",
      "from",
      "their coverings,",
      "and not",
      "bears",
      "any",
      "female",
      "and not",
      "gives birth",
      "except",
      "with His knowledge.",
      "And (the) Day",
      "He will call them,",
      "\"Where (are)",
      "My partners?\"",
      "They will say,",
      "\"We announce (to) You,",
      "not",
      "among us",
      "any",
      "witness.\""
    ],
    [
      "And lost",
      "from them",
      "what",
      "they were",
      "invoking",
      "[from]",
      "before",
      "and they (will) be certain",
      "(that) not",
      "for them",
      "any",
      "place of escape."
    ],
    [
      "(Does) not",
      "get tired",
      "man",
      "of",
      "praying",
      "(for) the good,",
      "but if",
      "touches him",
      "the evil",
      "then he gives up hope",
      "(and) despairs."
    ],
    [
      "And verily, if",
      "We let him taste",
      "mercy",
      "from Us",
      "[from]",
      "after",
      "an adversity",
      "(has) touched him,",
      "he will surely say,",
      "\"This (is)",
      "(due) to me",
      "and not",
      "I think",
      "the Hour",
      "(will be) established,",
      "and if",
      "I am returned",
      "to",
      "my Lord,",
      "indeed,",
      "for me",
      "with Him",
      "(will be) the best.\"",
      "But We will surely inform",
      "those who",
      "disbelieved",
      "about what",
      "they did,",
      "and We will surely make them taste",
      "of",
      "a punishment",
      "severe."
    ],
    [
      "And when",
      "We bestow favor",
      "upon",
      "man,",
      "he turns away -",
      "and withdraws",
      "to his side",
      "but when",
      "touches him",
      "the evil,",
      "then (he is) full",
      "(of) supplication",
      "lengthy."
    ],
    [
      "Say,",
      "\"You see -",
      "if",
      "it is",
      "from",
      "the presence of",
      "Allah",
      "then",
      "you disbelieve",
      "in it,",
      "who",
      "(is) more astray",
      "than (one) who -",
      "he",
      "(is) in",
      "opposition",
      "far?\""
    ],
    [
      "Soon We will show them",
      "Our Signs",
      "in",
      "the horizons",
      "and in",
      "themselves",
      "until",
      "becomes clear",
      "to them,",
      "that it",
      "(is) the truth.",
      "Is (it) not",
      "sufficient",
      "concerning your Lord,",
      "that He",
      "(is) over",
      "all",
      "things",
      "a Witness?"
    ],
    [
      "Unquestionably,",
      "they",
      "(are) in",
      "doubt",
      "about",
      "(the) meeting",
      "(with) their Lord?",
      "Unquestionably,",
      "indeed, He",
      "(is) of all",
      "things",
      "encompassing."
    ]
  ],
  "glossNote": "English word hints follow the Quranic Arabic Corpus. Where the Corpus repeats a phrase across adjacent Arabic words, it is divided into individual word meanings for hover and audio; these editorial splits are recorded in the source audit. Brackets identify connective or grammatical senses that English does not translate separately."
}