{
  "number": 45,
  "slug": "jathiyah",
  "name": "Al-Jathiyah",
  "arabicName": "الجاثية",
  "meaning": "The Kneeling",
  "period": "Makkan",
  "tagline": "A world of signs, a life that will be read",
  "overview": "The chapter begins with signs in sky, living creatures, rain, and wind, then asks how people respond to guidance. Ships and daily provision invite gratitude; earlier scripture brings responsibility. Its central image gathers every community before its record, ending with mercy for the faithful and praise of the Lord of all worlds.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Arabic text · quranjson (MIT)",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/semarketir/quranjson/master/source/surah/surah_45.json"
    },
    {
      "title": "Sahih International · English translation (AlQuran Cloud)",
      "url": "https://alquran.cloud/quran/en.sahih"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=11"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=13"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=15"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=4"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=6"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=9"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=17"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=19"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=21"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=34"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=36"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=23"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=30"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=32"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=24"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=26"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=28"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=45&verse=1"
    },
    {
      "title": "Surah introduction · Quran.com",
      "url": "https://quran.com/45/info"
    },
    {
      "title": "Hijrah year · Britannica 1911",
      "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira"
    }
  ],
  "titles": [
    "Letters before the message",
    "A source of might and wisdom",
    "Signs across heaven and earth",
    "Human life among living creatures",
    "Night, rain, and moving winds",
    "What would count as a sign?",
    "A warning against practiced falsehood",
    "Hearing while holding to pride",
    "Turning knowledge into mockery",
    "What possessions cannot secure",
    "Guidance offered and resisted",
    "The sea and thankful work",
    "A world that invites reflection",
    "Leaving recompense to Allah",
    "The return of one's own deeds",
    "Gifts entrusted to Israel",
    "Knowledge does not end rivalry",
    "A clear way to follow",
    "Alliances and their limits",
    "Clarity, guidance, and mercy",
    "Life and death are not morally empty",
    "Creation and a just account",
    "When desire becomes an authority",
    "The claim that time is everything",
    "Demanding the return of ancestors",
    "Life, death, and gathering",
    "Sovereignty when the Hour rises",
    "Every community before its record",
    "A truthful record",
    "Mercy as the evident triumph",
    "An opportunity remembered",
    "Certainty continually postponed",
    "The return of what was mocked",
    "Neglect answered by abandonment",
    "When distraction has run its course",
    "Praise beyond the courtroom",
    "Majesty joined to wisdom"
  ],
  "notes": [
    "Ha and Mim introduce the chapter with the same separate letters found in neighboring surahs. Their full significance is not expanded in the text. The opening prepares the listener for a declaration about revelation and the signs visible throughout creation.",
    "The Scripture's revelation is attributed to Allah, the Mighty and the Wise. The paired descriptions hold authority and wisdom together. They introduce a chapter in which the power displayed by creation is inseparable from moral responsibility and purposeful judgment.",
    "The heavens and earth are presented as signs for believers. The verse invites a way of seeing that moves beyond mere familiarity with the world. Reflection begins with what surrounds us before the chapter turns toward our own creation.",
    "Human creation and the many creatures spread across the earth are placed within one field of signs. Attention to living diversity becomes an invitation to certainty. The verse speaks to reflective recognition, without laying out a scientific classification of species.",
    "The recurring changes of night and day, life restoring rain, and the ordering of winds are signs for reasoning people. Ordinary repetition need not make them insignificant. The verse invites thought about the conditions that sustain life together.",
    "After presenting signs in creation, the chapter asks what further statement could persuade those who refuse them. The question exposes the possibility of endlessly shifting the standard of evidence. It calls for an honest response to what has already been heard.",
    "The short warning focuses on the habitual liar joined to wrongdoing. Its brevity interrupts the broad view of creation with a moral challenge. The next verses explain this person's response to revelation, making conduct and listening part of the same portrait.",
    "The person hears revelation yet persists as if nothing reached him. The obstacle described is prideful refusal, not an absence of sound. Reflection can begin with the occasions when protecting one's position becomes more important than considering a difficult truth.",
    "Even partial knowledge of revelation is used as material for ridicule. The verse draws attention to the purpose for which information is acquired. Knowing something about a message differs from allowing it to challenge one's assumptions or conduct.",
    "Earnings and chosen protectors cannot avert the consequence described here. The warning questions the reach of resources that appear dependable in ordinary life. Material success and a network of supporters cannot replace an honest response to the claims of revelation.",
    "The message is identified as guidance before the consequence of rejecting its signs is stated. The order matters: the chapter addresses a path made available. The warning urges attention to that opportunity rather than curiosity about punishment alone.",
    "The sea supports travel and the pursuit of provision through ships moving by Allah's command. Human effort is acknowledged within a world not created by that effort. Seeking livelihood is joined to gratitude for the conditions that make it possible.",
    "What is in heaven and earth is described as made serviceable for human benefit and coming from Allah. The concluding call is to reflection. Usefulness should awaken responsibility and gratitude, rather than the assumption that resources exist without moral significance.",
    "Believers are told to forgive those who do not expect Allah's days of judgment. The reason places final recompense with Him. Within the chapter's argument, restraint makes room for accountability without making personal retaliation the measure of faithful conviction.",
    "Good and harmful actions return upon the person who performs them, before the final return to the Lord. The verse makes responsibility personal. It discourages treating moral action merely as a way to control other people or improve public appearance.",
    "The Children of Israel are recalled as recipients of scripture, judgment, prophecy, and good provision. These gifts establish the seriousness of responsibility. The following discussion should be read as a moral history of entrusted guidance, not an attack on ethnic identity.",
    "Clear instruction was followed by division through rivalry. The verse locates the problem in conduct after knowledge, rather than in lack of information alone. Final judgment belongs to Allah, warning every community against turning inherited guidance into a contest for advantage.",
    "The messenger is directed along a clear way of divine command and warned against following uninformed desires. Guidance is presented as a path requiring movement and consistency. The verse's contrast asks what authority actually directs choices when competing pressures arise.",
    "The support of wrongdoers cannot protect anyone against Allah. Their mutual ties are contrasted with divine friendship toward those who guard against wrongdoing. The verse asks whether belonging to a powerful group is being mistaken for a trustworthy moral foundation.",
    "The message is described through insight for humanity, guidance, and mercy. These terms show that its purpose reaches beyond winning an argument. The reader is invited to consider how understanding becomes a path and how that path serves human well being.",
    "The chapter challenges the assumption that wrongdoing and faithful good work have an identical ultimate standing. Its question concerns moral judgment, not the claim that righteous people never suffer. The following verse grounds recompense in purposeful creation and freedom from injustice.",
    "The heavens and earth are created with truth, and each soul is to receive the result of its work without injustice. Cosmic purpose and personal action meet in one sentence. Even small choices belong within that larger moral horizon.",
    "Desire is pictured as a god when it governs a person's response to truth. The images of sealed hearing and covered sight concern moral resistance, not physical disability. The question presses readers to notice the authority they give their own preferences.",
    "Some speakers reduce life and death to worldly existence and the passing of time. The verse challenges the certainty with which they make this claim, calling it conjecture. Its concern is the limits of asserted knowledge about ultimate reality.",
    "The demand to bring back the fathers attempts to set the terms on which resurrection must be believed. The chapter distinguishes a promised future gathering from a spectacle demanded immediately. A challenge can appear decisive while avoiding the argument being presented.",
    "The reply traces life and death to Allah and places the final gathering on the Day of Resurrection. It answers the demand for an immediate demonstration with the declared order of existence. The verse supplies certainty of promise, not a date.",
    "Heaven and earth belong to Allah, and the arrival of the Hour exposes the loss of those committed to falsehood. The transition expands the previous personal questions into a universal scene. No earthly authority stands outside the account that follows.",
    "The chapter's title comes from the image of nations crouching or kneeling as each is summoned to its record. The scene concerns collective accountability without erasing individual deeds. Its posture evokes seriousness and vulnerability, rather than worldly rank or display.",
    "The record is described as speaking truthfully about what people did. The emphasis is not on a human filing system but on the completeness of divine accountability. Conduct that escaped public attention is not therefore absent from the final account.",
    "Those who believed and acted well are brought into their Lord's mercy. After the solemn gathering, the language of triumph centers on this welcome. Success is redefined through faithfulness and mercy rather than dominance, possessions, or recognition before other people.",
    "Those who rejected are asked about the revelations they had heard and the arrogance with which they responded. The question looks back at opportunity, not merely outcome. The warning directs present readers toward how they receive correction while response remains possible.",
    "The recalled speakers treated the promised Hour as conjecture and withheld conviction. The verse examines their response to a stated promise within the preceding pattern of scorn. It should not be reduced to a dismissal of every sincere question or uncertainty.",
    "Harmful deeds become visible, and the consequence once ridiculed surrounds their authors. The change is from control over a joke to exposure before reality. The warning invites reflection on what ridicule may hide from the person using it.",
    "The language of being forgotten answers their neglect of the meeting with Allah. It describes abandonment to consequence, rather than an imperfection in divine knowledge. The parallel asks what happens when responsibility is persistently treated as though it will never arrive.",
    "Mockery and fascination with worldly life are named as the causes of this outcome. The opportunity to make amends has ended within the judgment scene. The warning's present purpose is to encourage a response before distraction becomes a completed way of life.",
    "The chapter turns from judgment to praise of the Lord of heaven, earth, and all worlds. This closing movement sets accountability within a larger recognition of divine lordship. The world of signs at the opening returns as a world of praise.",
    "Majesty belongs to Allah throughout heaven and earth, and the final names repeat might and wisdom from the opening. The chapter closes its circle: creation, revelation, and judgment are held together by an authority whose power is inseparable from wisdom."
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "start": 1,
      "end": 11,
      "title": "Signs in the living world",
      "summary": "Creation invites belief and reasoning, while pride turns hearing into refusal and knowledge into mockery.",
      "reflection": "Choose something familiar in nature and give it your full attention again."
    },
    {
      "start": 12,
      "end": 20,
      "title": "The sea, the path, and responsibility",
      "summary": "Travel and provision lead to gratitude, forgiveness, and the responsibilities carried with revelation.",
      "reflection": "How can receiving a gift change the way it is used?"
    },
    {
      "start": 21,
      "end": 30,
      "title": "Every community before its record",
      "summary": "Questions about desire, time, and resurrection culminate in a gathering where actions are truthfully recorded.",
      "reflection": "What would you want the record of an ordinary day to reveal?"
    },
    {
      "start": 31,
      "end": 37,
      "title": "What remains when excuses end",
      "summary": "The final account recalls neglected reminders before the chapter closes in praise, majesty, and wisdom.",
      "reflection": "Make room for a difficult truth before it becomes an unavoidable consequence."
    }
  ],
  "timeline": [
    {
      "title": "Before 622 CE · Makkan classification",
      "year": 622,
      "body": "The surah is classified as Makkan. The Hijrah year gives a broad period boundary, not a precise revelation date or an established calendar for each passage.",
      "source": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira"
    },
    {
      "title": "Scripture entrusted to the Children of Israel",
      "year": null,
      "body": "Verses 16–17 recall earlier gifts and later rivalry. This scriptural retrospect supplies no calendar dates and is presented as a warning about the use of knowledge.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm"
    },
    {
      "title": "The gathering before the record · future promise",
      "year": null,
      "body": "Verses 27–30 describe the Hour and communities summoned to their records. The scene belongs to the promised unseen future and cannot be placed on a present day calendar.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm"
    }
  ],
  "places": [
    {
      "id": "makkah",
      "name": "Makkah · broad revelation setting",
      "lat": 21.4225,
      "lon": 39.8262,
      "body": "Makkan classification gives the chapter a broad western Arabian setting. The marker does not identify a particular meeting, house, or day of recitation.",
      "source": "https://quran.com/45/info",
      "image": 0
    },
    {
      "id": "sea",
      "name": "The sea · travel and provision",
      "body": "Verse 12 mentions ships and the pursuit of provision without naming a specific sea or harbor. Maritime artwork illustrates the general setting and does not reconstruct a documented voyage.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm",
      "image": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "gathering",
      "name": "The gathering of communities · unseen",
      "body": "The kneeling communities and their records in verses 28–29 belong to the final account. They have no terrestrial map pin; symbolic artwork is not a literal view of the event.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm",
      "image": 2
    }
  ],
  "people": [
    {
      "id": "listeners",
      "title": "Listeners and reflective observers",
      "body": "Belief, certainty, and reasoning accompany the signs in verses 3–5. These roles invite the reader into attentive observation rather than supplying named historical biographies.",
      "verse": 5,
      "url": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm"
    },
    {
      "id": "israel",
      "title": "The Children of Israel",
      "body": "The chapter recalls scripture, judgment, prophecy, and provision given to this earlier community. Its warning concerns rivalry after knowledge and should not be turned into a timeless condemnation of an ethnicity.",
      "verse": 16,
      "url": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm"
    },
    {
      "id": "muhammad",
      "title": "Muhammad · following a clear way",
      "body": "The messenger is directed to follow divine command rather than uninformed desires. His presence is represented through words and setting, without a visual portrait.",
      "verse": 18,
      "url": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm"
    },
    {
      "id": "communities",
      "title": "The communities before their records",
      "body": "Every nation appears in the chapter's title scene. The image removes worldly prestige and places shared history alongside the truthful account of what people actually did.",
      "verse": 28,
      "url": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm"
    }
  ],
  "history": [
    {
      "title": "A Makkan argument about accountability",
      "body": "The chapter introduction identifies a Makkan setting. This reader avoids adopting a numbered revelation order or exact year where the verses themselves provide neither.",
      "source": "https://quran.com/45/info"
    },
    {
      "title": "Reading the natural signs",
      "body": "Verses 3–5 and 12–13 connect the created world with belief, reflection, and gratitude. These are theological invitations, not a technical inventory of scientific claims or a reconstruction of one historical landscape.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm"
    },
    {
      "title": "Earlier scripture and rivalry",
      "body": "The account of Israel in verses 16–17 recognizes significant divine gifts before criticizing division after knowledge. The ethical lesson concerns entrusted responsibility and applies to the reader's own use of guidance.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm"
    },
    {
      "title": "The record and the chapter's title",
      "body": "The title points to verse 28, where each community crouches or kneels before its record. The following promise of mercy and the concluding praise complete the chapter's movement from signs to accountability.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/045.htm"
    }
  ],
  "revelationNote": "Makkan. The before-622 CE marker is a historical period boundary, not an exact revelation year. The earlier scriptural past and future gathering are kept undated.",
  "verses": [
    {
      "n": 1,
      "arabic": "حمٓ",
      "translation": "Ha, Meem."
    },
    {
      "n": 2,
      "arabic": "تَنزِيلُ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْحَكِيمِ",
      "translation": "The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise."
    },
    {
      "n": 3,
      "arabic": "إِنَّ فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ لَءَايَٰتٍۢ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ",
      "translation": "Indeed, within the heavens and earth are signs for the believers."
    },
    {
      "n": 4,
      "arabic": "وَفِى خَلْقِكُمْ وَمَا يَبُثُّ مِن دَآبَّةٍ ءَايَٰتٌۭ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يُوقِنُونَ",
      "translation": "And in the creation of yourselves and what He disperses of moving creatures are signs for people who are certain [in faith]."
    },
    {
      "n": 5,
      "arabic": "وَٱخْتِلَٰفِ ٱلَّيْلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مِن رِّزْقٍۢ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ ٱلْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَتَصْرِيفِ ٱلرِّيَٰحِ ءَايَٰتٌۭ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يَعْقِلُونَ",
      "translation": "And [in] the alternation of night and day and [in] what Allah sends down from the sky of provision and gives life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness and [in His] directing of the winds are signs for a people who reason."
    },
    {
      "n": 6,
      "arabic": "تِلْكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱللَّهِ نَتْلُوهَا عَلَيْكَ بِٱلْحَقِّ ۖ فَبِأَىِّ حَدِيثٍۭ بَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ وَءَايَٰتِهِۦ يُؤْمِنُونَ",
      "translation": "These are the verses of Allah which We recite to you in truth. Then in what statement after Allah and His verses will they believe?"
    },
    {
      "n": 7,
      "arabic": "وَيْلٌۭ لِّكُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍۢ",
      "translation": "Woe to every sinful liar"
    },
    {
      "n": 8,
      "arabic": "يَسْمَعُ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُصِرُّ مُسْتَكْبِرًۭا كَأَن لَّمْ يَسْمَعْهَا ۖ فَبَشِّرْهُ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍۢ",
      "translation": "Who hears the verses of Allah recited to him, then persists arrogantly as if he had not heard them. So give him tidings of a painful punishment."
    },
    {
      "n": 9,
      "arabic": "وَإِذَا عَلِمَ مِنْ ءَايَٰتِنَا شَيْـًٔا ٱتَّخَذَهَا هُزُوًا ۚ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌۭ مُّهِينٌۭ",
      "translation": "And when he knows anything of Our verses, he takes them in ridicule. Those will have a humiliating punishment."
    },
    {
      "n": 10,
      "arabic": "مِّن وَرَآئِهِمْ جَهَنَّمُ ۖ وَلَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُم مَّا كَسَبُوا۟ شَيْـًۭٔا وَلَا مَا ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَوْلِيَآءَ ۖ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ",
      "translation": "Before them is Hell, and what they had earned will not avail them at all nor what they had taken besides Allah as allies. And they will have a great punishment."
    },
    {
      "n": 11,
      "arabic": "هَٰذَا هُدًۭى ۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّهِمْ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌۭ مِّن رِّجْزٍ أَلِيمٌ",
      "translation": "This [Qur'an] is guidance. And those who have disbelieved in the verses of their Lord will have a painful punishment of foul nature."
    },
    {
      "n": 12,
      "arabic": "۞ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى سَخَّرَ لَكُمُ ٱلْبَحْرَ لِتَجْرِىَ ٱلْفُلْكُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِهِۦ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ",
      "translation": "It is Allah who subjected to you the sea so that ships may sail upon it by His command and that you may seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful."
    },
    {
      "n": 13,
      "arabic": "وَسَخَّرَ لَكُم مَّا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًۭا مِّنْهُ ۚ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَءَايَٰتٍۢ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ",
      "translation": "And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth - all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought."
    },
    {
      "n": 14,
      "arabic": "قُل لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ يَغْفِرُوا۟ لِلَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ أَيَّامَ ٱللَّهِ لِيَجْزِىَ قَوْمًۢا بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ",
      "translation": "Say, [O Muhammad], to those who have believed that they [should] forgive those who expect not the days of Allah so that He may recompense a people for what they used to earn."
    },
    {
      "n": 15,
      "arabic": "مَنْ عَمِلَ صَٰلِحًۭا فَلِنَفْسِهِۦ ۖ وَمَنْ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيْهَا ۖ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمْ تُرْجَعُونَ",
      "translation": "Whoever does a good deed - it is for himself; and whoever does evil - it is against the self. Then to your Lord you will be returned."
    },
    {
      "n": 16,
      "arabic": "وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَٱلْحُكْمَ وَٱلنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقْنَٰهُم مِّنَ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِ وَفَضَّلْنَٰهُمْ عَلَى ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ",
      "translation": "And We did certainly give the Children of Israel the Scripture and judgement and prophethood, and We provided them with good things and preferred them over the worlds."
    },
    {
      "n": 17,
      "arabic": "وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُم بَيِّنَٰتٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلْأَمْرِ ۖ فَمَا ٱخْتَلَفُوٓا۟ إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْعِلْمُ بَغْيًۢا بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِى بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا۟ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ",
      "translation": "And We gave them clear proofs of the matter [of religion]. And they did not differ except after knowledge had come to them - out of jealous animosity between themselves. Indeed, your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that over which they used to differ."
    },
    {
      "n": 18,
      "arabic": "ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَٰكَ عَلَىٰ شَرِيعَةٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلْأَمْرِ فَٱتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَآءَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ",
      "translation": "Then We put you, [O Muhammad], on an ordained way concerning the matter [of religion]; so follow it and do not follow the inclinations of those who do not know."
    },
    {
      "n": 19,
      "arabic": "إِنَّهُمْ لَن يُغْنُوا۟ عَنكَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيْـًۭٔا ۚ وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍۢ ۖ وَٱللَّهُ وَلِىُّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ",
      "translation": "Indeed, they will never avail you against Allah at all. And indeed, the wrongdoers are allies of one another; but Allah is the protector of the righteous."
    },
    {
      "n": 20,
      "arabic": "هَٰذَا بَصَٰٓئِرُ لِلنَّاسِ وَهُدًۭى وَرَحْمَةٌۭ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يُوقِنُونَ",
      "translation": "This [Qur'an] is enlightenment for mankind and guidance and mercy for a people who are certain [in faith]."
    },
    {
      "n": 21,
      "arabic": "أَمْ حَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱجْتَرَحُوا۟ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ أَن نَّجْعَلَهُمْ كَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ سَوَآءًۭ مَّحْيَاهُمْ وَمَمَاتُهُمْ ۚ سَآءَ مَا يَحْكُمُونَ",
      "translation": "Or do those who commit evils think We will make them like those who have believed and done righteous deeds - [make them] equal in their life and their death? Evil is that which they judge."
    },
    {
      "n": 22,
      "arabic": "وَخَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلِتُجْزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفْسٍۭ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ",
      "translation": "And Allah created the heavens and earth in truth and so that every soul may be recompensed for what it has earned, and they will not be wronged."
    },
    {
      "n": 23,
      "arabic": "أَفَرَءَيْتَ مَنِ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَٰهَهُۥ هَوَىٰهُ وَأَضَلَّهُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍۢ وَخَتَمَ عَلَىٰ سَمْعِهِۦ وَقَلْبِهِۦ وَجَعَلَ عَلَىٰ بَصَرِهِۦ غِشَٰوَةًۭ فَمَن يَهْدِيهِ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ",
      "translation": "Have you seen he who has taken as his god his [own] desire, and Allah has sent him astray due to knowledge and has set a seal upon his hearing and his heart and put over his vision a veil? So who will guide him after Allah? Then will you not be reminded?"
    },
    {
      "n": 24,
      "arabic": "وَقَالُوا۟ مَا هِىَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا ٱلدُّنْيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحْيَا وَمَا يُهْلِكُنَآ إِلَّا ٱلدَّهْرُ ۚ وَمَا لَهُم بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ",
      "translation": "And they say, \"There is not but our worldly life; we die and live, and nothing destroys us except time.\" And they have of that no knowledge; they are only assuming."
    },
    {
      "n": 25,
      "arabic": "وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَٰتُنَا بَيِّنَٰتٍۢ مَّا كَانَ حُجَّتَهُمْ إِلَّآ أَن قَالُوا۟ ٱئْتُوا۟ بِـَٔابَآئِنَآ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰدِقِينَ",
      "translation": "And when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, their argument is only that they say, \"Bring [back] our forefathers, if you should be truthful.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 26,
      "arabic": "قُلِ ٱللَّهُ يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يَجْمَعُكُمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ",
      "translation": "Say, \"Allah causes you to live, then causes you to die; then He will assemble you for the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt, but most of the people do not know.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 27,
      "arabic": "وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ يَخْسَرُ ٱلْمُبْطِلُونَ",
      "translation": "And to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. And the Day the Hour appears - that Day the falsifiers will lose."
    },
    {
      "n": 28,
      "arabic": "وَتَرَىٰ كُلَّ أُمَّةٍۢ جَاثِيَةًۭ ۚ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍۢ تُدْعَىٰٓ إِلَىٰ كِتَٰبِهَا ٱلْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ",
      "translation": "And you will see every nation kneeling [from fear]. Every nation will be called to its record [and told], \"Today you will be recompensed for what you used to do."
    },
    {
      "n": 29,
      "arabic": "هَٰذَا كِتَٰبُنَا يَنطِقُ عَلَيْكُم بِٱلْحَقِّ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنسِخُ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ",
      "translation": "This, Our record, speaks about you in truth. Indeed, We were having transcribed whatever you used to do.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 30,
      "arabic": "فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فَيُدْخِلُهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ فِى رَحْمَتِهِۦ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْمُبِينُ",
      "translation": "So as for those who believed and did righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy. That is what is the clear attainment."
    },
    {
      "n": 31,
      "arabic": "وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ ءَايَٰتِى تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَٱسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ وَكُنتُمْ قَوْمًۭا مُّجْرِمِينَ",
      "translation": "But as for those who disbelieved, [it will be said], \"Were not Our verses recited to you, but you were arrogant and became a people of criminals?"
    },
    {
      "n": 32,
      "arabic": "وَإِذَا قِيلَ إِنَّ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقٌّۭ وَٱلسَّاعَةُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا قُلْتُم مَّا نَدْرِى مَا ٱلسَّاعَةُ إِن نَّظُنُّ إِلَّا ظَنًّۭا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُسْتَيْقِنِينَ",
      "translation": "And when it was said, 'Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth and the Hour [is coming] - no doubt about it,' you said, 'We know not what is the Hour. We assume only assumption, and we are not convinced.' \""
    },
    {
      "n": 33,
      "arabic": "وَبَدَا لَهُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتُ مَا عَمِلُوا۟ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ",
      "translation": "And the evil consequences of what they did will appear to them, and they will be enveloped by what they used to ridicule."
    },
    {
      "n": 34,
      "arabic": "وَقِيلَ ٱلْيَوْمَ نَنسَىٰكُمْ كَمَا نَسِيتُمْ لِقَآءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَٰذَا وَمَأْوَىٰكُمُ ٱلنَّارُ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن نَّٰصِرِينَ",
      "translation": "And it will be said, \"Today We will forget you as you forgot the meeting of this Day of yours, and your refuge is the Fire, and for you there are no helpers."
    },
    {
      "n": 35,
      "arabic": "ذَٰلِكُم بِأَنَّكُمُ ٱتَّخَذْتُمْ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ هُزُوًۭا وَغَرَّتْكُمُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۚ فَٱلْيَوْمَ لَا يُخْرَجُونَ مِنْهَا وَلَا هُمْ يُسْتَعْتَبُونَ",
      "translation": "That is because you took the verses of Allah in ridicule, and worldly life deluded you.\" So that Day they will not be removed from it, nor will they be asked to appease [Allah]."
    },
    {
      "n": 36,
      "arabic": "فَلِلَّهِ ٱلْحَمْدُ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَرَبِّ ٱلْأَرْضِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ",
      "translation": "Then, to Allah belongs [all] praise - Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, Lord of the worlds."
    },
    {
      "n": 37,
      "arabic": "وَلَهُ ٱلْكِبْرِيَآءُ فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ",
      "translation": "And to Him belongs [all] grandeur within the heavens and the earth, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise."
    }
  ],
  "glosses": [
    [
      "Ha Meem."
    ],
    [
      "(The) revelation",
      "(of) the Book",
      "(is) from",
      "Allah",
      "the All-Mighty,",
      "the All-Wise."
    ],
    [
      "Indeed,",
      "in",
      "the heavens",
      "and the earth",
      "surely (are) Signs",
      "for the believers."
    ],
    [
      "And in",
      "your creation",
      "and what",
      "He disperses",
      "of",
      "(the) moving creatures",
      "(are) Signs",
      "for a people",
      "who are certain."
    ],
    [
      "And (in the) alternation",
      "(of) the night",
      "and the day",
      "and what",
      "Allah sends down",
      "Allah sends down",
      "from",
      "the sky",
      "of",
      "(the) provision",
      "and gives life",
      "thereby",
      "(to) the earth",
      "after",
      "its death,",
      "and (in) directing",
      "(the) winds",
      "(are) Signs",
      "for a people",
      "who reason."
    ],
    [
      "These",
      "(are the) Verses,",
      "(of) Allah",
      "We recite them",
      "to you",
      "in truth.",
      "Then in what",
      "statement",
      "after",
      "Allah",
      "and His Verses",
      "will they believe?"
    ],
    [
      "Woe",
      "to every",
      "liar",
      "sinful"
    ],
    [
      "Who hears",
      "(the) Verses",
      "(of) Allah",
      "recited",
      "to him,",
      "then",
      "persists",
      "arrogantly",
      "as if",
      "not",
      "he heard them.",
      "So give him tidings",
      "(of) a punishment",
      "painful."
    ],
    [
      "And when",
      "he knows",
      "of",
      "Our Verses,",
      "anything,",
      "he takes them",
      "(in) ridicule.",
      "Those -",
      "for them",
      "(is) a punishment",
      "humiliating."
    ],
    [
      "Before them",
      "Before them",
      "(is) Hell",
      "and not",
      "will avail",
      "them",
      "what",
      "they had earned",
      "anything,",
      "and not",
      "what",
      "they had taken",
      "besides",
      "besides",
      "Allah",
      "(as) protectors.",
      "And for them",
      "(is) a punishment",
      "great."
    ],
    [
      "This",
      "(is) guidance.",
      "And those who",
      "disbelieve",
      "in (the) Verses",
      "(of) their Lord,",
      "for them",
      "(is) a punishment",
      "of",
      "filth,",
      "painful."
    ],
    [
      "Allah",
      "(is) the One Who",
      "subjected",
      "to you",
      "the sea",
      "that may sail",
      "the ships",
      "therein",
      "by His Command,",
      "and that you may seek",
      "of",
      "His Bounty",
      "and that you may",
      "give thanks."
    ],
    [
      "And He has subjected",
      "to you",
      "whatever",
      "(is) in",
      "the heavens",
      "and whatever",
      "(is) in",
      "the earth -",
      "all",
      "from Him.",
      "Indeed,",
      "in",
      "that",
      "surely are Signs",
      "for a people",
      "who give thought."
    ],
    [
      "Say",
      "to those who",
      "believe",
      "(to) forgive",
      "those who",
      "(do) not",
      "hope",
      "(for the) days",
      "(of) Allah;",
      "that He may recompense",
      "a people",
      "for what",
      "they used to",
      "earn."
    ],
    [
      "Whoever",
      "does",
      "a righteous deed,",
      "then it is for his soul,",
      "and whoever",
      "does evil,",
      "then it (is) against it.",
      "Then",
      "to",
      "your Lord",
      "you will be returned."
    ],
    [
      "And certainly,",
      "We gave",
      "(the) Children of Israel",
      "(the) Children of Israel",
      "the Book",
      "and the wisdom",
      "and the Prophethood,",
      "and We provided them",
      "of",
      "the good things",
      "and We preferred them",
      "over",
      "the worlds."
    ],
    [
      "And We gave them",
      "clear proofs",
      "of",
      "the matter.",
      "And not",
      "they differed",
      "except",
      "after",
      "after",
      "[what]",
      "came to them",
      "the knowledge,",
      "(out of) envy",
      "between themselves.",
      "Indeed,",
      "your Lord",
      "will judge",
      "between them",
      "(on the) Day",
      "(of) the Resurrection",
      "about what",
      "they used to",
      "therein",
      "differ."
    ],
    [
      "Then",
      "We put you",
      "on",
      "an ordained way",
      "of",
      "the matter;",
      "so follow it",
      "and (do) not",
      "follow",
      "(the) desires",
      "(of) those who",
      "(do) not",
      "know."
    ],
    [
      "Indeed, they",
      "never",
      "will avail",
      "you",
      "against",
      "Allah",
      "(in) anything.",
      "And indeed,",
      "the wrongdoers",
      "some of them",
      "(are) allies",
      "(of) others,",
      "and Allah",
      "(is the) Protector",
      "(of) the righteous."
    ],
    [
      "This",
      "(is) enlightenment",
      "for mankind",
      "and guidance",
      "and mercy",
      "for a people",
      "who are certain."
    ],
    [
      "Do",
      "think",
      "those who",
      "commit",
      "evil deeds",
      "that",
      "We will make them",
      "like those who",
      "believed",
      "and did",
      "righteous deeds",
      "equal",
      "(in) their life",
      "and their death?",
      "Evil is",
      "what",
      "they judge!"
    ],
    [
      "And Allah created",
      "And Allah created",
      "the heavens",
      "and the earth",
      "in truth",
      "and that may be recompensed",
      "every",
      "soul",
      "for what",
      "it has earned,",
      "and they",
      "will not be wronged.",
      "will not be wronged."
    ],
    [
      "Have you seen",
      "(he) who",
      "takes",
      "(as) his god",
      "his desire",
      "and Allah lets him go astray",
      "and Allah lets him go astray",
      "knowingly,",
      "knowingly,",
      "and He sets a seal",
      "upon",
      "his hearing",
      "and his heart",
      "and puts",
      "over",
      "his vision",
      "a veil?",
      "Then who",
      "will guide him",
      "after",
      "after",
      "Allah?",
      "Then will not",
      "you receive admonition?"
    ],
    [
      "And they say,",
      "\"Not",
      "it",
      "(is) but",
      "our life",
      "(of) the world,",
      "we die",
      "and we live,",
      "and not",
      "destroys us",
      "except",
      "the time.\"",
      "And not",
      "for them",
      "of that",
      "any",
      "knowledge;",
      "not,",
      "they",
      "(do) but",
      "guess."
    ],
    [
      "And when",
      "are recited",
      "to them",
      "Our Verses",
      "clear,",
      "not",
      "is",
      "their argument",
      "except",
      "that",
      "they say,",
      "\"Bring",
      "our forefathers",
      "if",
      "you are",
      "truthful.\""
    ],
    [
      "Say,",
      "\"Allah",
      "gives you life,",
      "then",
      "causes you to die;",
      "then",
      "He will gather you",
      "to",
      "(the) Day",
      "(of) the Resurrection,",
      "no",
      "doubt",
      "about it.\"",
      "But",
      "most",
      "(of) the people",
      "(do) not",
      "know."
    ],
    [
      "And for Allah",
      "(is the) dominion",
      "(of) the heavens",
      "and the earth;",
      "and (the) Day",
      "is established",
      "the Hour,",
      "that Day",
      "will lose",
      "the falsifiers."
    ],
    [
      "And you will see",
      "every",
      "nation",
      "kneeling.",
      "Every",
      "nation",
      "will be called",
      "to",
      "its record,",
      "\"Today",
      "you will be recompensed",
      "(for) what",
      "you used to",
      "do."
    ],
    [
      "This,",
      "Our Record,",
      "speaks",
      "about you",
      "in truth.",
      "Indeed, We",
      "[We] used to",
      "transcribe",
      "what",
      "you used to",
      "do.\""
    ],
    [
      "Then as for",
      "those who",
      "believed",
      "and did",
      "[the] righteous deeds,",
      "will admit them",
      "their Lord",
      "in(to)",
      "His mercy.",
      "That",
      "[it]",
      "(is) the success",
      "clear."
    ],
    [
      "But as for",
      "those who",
      "disbelieved,",
      "\"Then were not",
      "\"Then were not",
      "My Verses",
      "recited",
      "to you",
      "but you were proud",
      "and you became",
      "a people",
      "criminals?\""
    ],
    [
      "And when",
      "it was said,",
      "\"Indeed",
      "(the) Promise",
      "(of) Allah",
      "(is) true",
      "and the Hour -",
      "(there is) no",
      "doubt",
      "about it,",
      "you said,",
      "\"Not",
      "we know",
      "what",
      "the Hour (is).",
      "Not",
      "we think",
      "except",
      "an assumption,",
      "and not",
      "we",
      "(are) convinced.\""
    ],
    [
      "And (will) appear",
      "to them",
      "(the) evil",
      "(of) what",
      "they did",
      "and (will) envelop",
      "them",
      "what",
      "they used",
      "[at it]",
      "(to) mock."
    ],
    [
      "And it will be said,",
      "\"Today",
      "We forget you",
      "as",
      "you forgot",
      "(the) meeting",
      "(of) this Day of yours,",
      "(of) this Day of yours,",
      "and your abode",
      "(is) the Fire,",
      "and not",
      "for you",
      "any",
      "helpers."
    ],
    [
      "That",
      "(is) because you",
      "took",
      "(the) Verses",
      "(of) Allah",
      "(in) ridicule",
      "and deceived you",
      "the life",
      "(of) the world.\"",
      "So this Day",
      "not",
      "they will be brought forth",
      "from it",
      "and not",
      "they",
      "will be asked to appease."
    ],
    [
      "Then for Allah",
      "(is) all the praise,",
      "(the) Lord",
      "(of) the heavens",
      "and (the) Lord",
      "(of) the earth,",
      "(the) lord",
      "(of) the worlds."
    ],
    [
      "And for Him",
      "(is) the greatness",
      "in",
      "the heavens",
      "and the earth,",
      "and He",
      "(is) the All-Mighty,",
      "the All-Wise."
    ]
  ],
  "juz": 25
}