{ "number": 62, "slug": "jumuah", "name": "Al-Jumu‘ah", "arabicName": "الجمعة", "meaning": "The Friday Congregation", "period": "Madinan", "juz": 28, "tagline": "KNOWLEDGE LIVED, A COMMUNITY GATHERED", "overview": "A mission of recitation, growth, and wisdom reaches beyond its first hearers. The surah challenges possession of scripture without practice, then calls the community to give Friday worship its time before returning to work with remembrance.", "sources": [ { "title": "Arabic text · quranjson (MIT)", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/semarketir/quranjson/master/source/surah/surah_62.json" }, { "title": "Sahih International · English translation (AlQuran Cloud)", "url": "https://alquran.cloud/quran/en.sahih" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=62&verse=9" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=62&verse=11" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=62&verse=2" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=62&verse=5" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=62&verse=7" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=62&verse=1" }, { "title": "Surah introduction · Quran.com", "url": "https://quran.com/al-jumuah/info" }, { "title": "The arriving caravan · Bukhari 936", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:936" }, { "title": "Salman and later hearers · Bukhari 4897", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4897" }, { "title": "The responsibility of scripture · Ibn Kathir", "url": "https://quran.com/al-jumuah/5/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir" }, { "title": "622–632 CE period boundaries · Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)", "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Mahomet" }, { "title": "The 622 CE Hijrah · Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)", "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira" } ], "verses": [ { "n": 1, "arabic": "يُسَبِّحُ لِلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ٱلْمَلِكِ ٱلْقُدُّوسِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْحَكِيمِ", "translation": "Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth is exalting Allah, the Sovereign, the Pure, the Exalted in Might, the Wise." }, { "n": 2, "arabic": "هُوَ ٱلَّذِى بَعَثَ فِى ٱلْأُمِّيِّۦنَ رَسُولًۭا مِّنْهُمْ يَتْلُوا۟ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ وَيُزَكِّيهِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَٱلْحِكْمَةَ وَإِن كَانُوا۟ مِن قَبْلُ لَفِى ضَلَٰلٍۢ مُّبِينٍۢ", "translation": "It is He who has sent among the unlettered a Messenger from themselves reciting to them His verses and purifying them and teaching them the Book and wisdom - although they were before in clear error -" }, { "n": 3, "arabic": "وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا يَلْحَقُوا۟ بِهِمْ ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ", "translation": "And [to] others of them who have not yet joined them. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise." }, { "n": 4, "arabic": "ذَٰلِكَ فَضْلُ ٱللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ ذُو ٱلْفَضْلِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ", "translation": "That is the bounty of Allah, which He gives to whom He wills, and Allah is the possessor of great bounty." }, { "n": 5, "arabic": "مَثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ حُمِّلُوا۟ ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوهَا كَمَثَلِ ٱلْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًۢا ۚ بِئْسَ مَثَلُ ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِى ٱلْقَوْمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ", "translation": "The example of those who were entrusted with the Torah and then did not take it on is like that of a donkey who carries volumes [of books]. Wretched is the example of the people who deny the signs of Allah. And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people." }, { "n": 6, "arabic": "قُلْ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُوٓا۟ إِن زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ لِلَّهِ مِن دُونِ ٱلنَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوُا۟ ٱلْمَوْتَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰدِقِينَ", "translation": "Say, \"O you who are Jews, if you claim that you are allies of Allah, excluding the [other] people, then wish for death, if you should be truthful.\"" }, { "n": 7, "arabic": "وَلَا يَتَمَنَّوْنَهُۥٓ أَبَدًۢا بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌۢ بِٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ", "translation": "But they will not wish for it, ever, because of what their hands have put forth. And Allah is Knowing of the wrongdoers." }, { "n": 8, "arabic": "قُلْ إِنَّ ٱلْمَوْتَ ٱلَّذِى تَفِرُّونَ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُۥ مُلَٰقِيكُمْ ۖ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَٰلِمِ ٱلْغَيْبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ", "translation": "Say, \"Indeed, the death from which you flee - indeed, it will meet you. Then you will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, and He will inform you about what you used to do.\"" }, { "n": 9, "arabic": "يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا نُودِىَ لِلصَّلَوٰةِ مِن يَوْمِ ٱلْجُمُعَةِ فَٱسْعَوْا۟ إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ وَذَرُوا۟ ٱلْبَيْعَ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌۭ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ", "translation": "O you who have believed, when [the adhan] is called for the prayer on the day of Jumu'ah [Friday], then proceed to the remembrance of Allah and leave trade. That is better for you, if you only knew." }, { "n": 10, "arabic": "فَإِذَا قُضِيَتِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةُ فَٱنتَشِرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَٱبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱذْكُرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ كَثِيرًۭا لَّعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ", "translation": "And when the prayer has been concluded, disperse within the land and seek from the bounty of Allah, and remember Allah often that you may succeed." }, { "n": 11, "arabic": "وَإِذَا رَأَوْا۟ تِجَٰرَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا ٱنفَضُّوٓا۟ إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَكُوكَ قَآئِمًۭا ۚ قُلْ مَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ خَيْرٌۭ مِّنَ ٱللَّهْوِ وَمِنَ ٱلتِّجَٰرَةِ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ خَيْرُ ٱلرَّٰزِقِينَ", "translation": "But when they saw a transaction or a diversion, [O Muhammad], they rushed to it and left you standing. Say, \"What is with Allah is better than diversion and than a transaction, and Allah is the best of providers.\"" } ], "glosses": [ [ "Glorifies", "Allah", "whatever", "(is) in", "the heavens", "and whatever", "(is) in", "the earth,", "the Sovereign,", "the Holy,", "the All-Mighty,", "the All-Wise." ], [ "He", "(is) the One Who", "sent", "among", "the unlettered", "a Messenger", "from themselves", "reciting", "to them", "His Verses,", "and purifying them", "and teaching them", "the Book", "and the wisdom", "although", "they were", "from", "before", "surely in", "an error", "clear." ], [ "And others", "among them", "who have not yet", "joined", "them;", "and He", "(is) the All-Mighty,", "the All-Wise." ], [ "That", "(is the) Bounty", "(of) Allah,", "He gives it", "(to) whom", "He wills.", "And Allah", "(is the) Possessor", "(of) Bounty", "the Great." ], [ "(The) likeness", "(of) those who", "were entrusted", "(with) the Taurat", "then", "not", "they bore it,", "(is) like", "the donkey", "who carries", "books.", "Wretched is", "(the) example", "(of) the people", "who", "deny", "(the) Signs", "(of) Allah.", "And Allah", "(does) not", "guide", "the people,", "the wrongdoers." ], [ "Say,", "\"O", "you (who)", "(are) Jews!", "If", "you claim", "that you", "(are) allies", "of Allah.", "from", "excluding", "the people,", "then wish", "(for) the death,", "if", "you are", "truthful.\"" ], [ "But not", "they will wish for it,", "ever,", "for what", "(have) sent forth", "their hands.", "And Allah", "(is) All-Knowing", "of the wrongdoers." ], [ "Say,", "\"Indeed,", "the death", "which", "you flee", "from it,", "then surely it", "(will) meet you.", "Then", "you will be sent back", "to", "(the) All-Knower", "(of) the unseen", "and the witnessed,", "and He will inform you", "[of] what", "you used to", "do.\"" ], [ "O", "(you) who", "believe!", "When", "(the) call is made", "for (the) prayer", "on", "(the) day", "(of) Friday,", "then hasten", "to", "(the) remembrance", "(of) Allah", "and leave", "the business.", "That", "(is) better", "for you,", "if", "you", "know." ], [ "Then when", "is concluded", "the prayer,", "then disperse", "in", "the land", "and seek", "from", "(the) Bounty", "(of) Allah,", "and remember", "Allah", "much", "so that you may", "succeed." ], [ "And when", "they saw", "a transaction", "or", "a sport,", "they rushed", "to it", "and left you", "standing.", "Say,", "\"What", "(is) with", "Allah", "(is) better", "than", "the sport", "and from", "(any) transaction.", "And Allah", "(is the) Best", "(of) the Providers.\"" ] ], "titles": [ "All creation glorifies the Lord", "Recitation, growth, and wisdom", "The message reaches later hearers", "A gift beyond human entitlement", "Carrying books without living their teaching", "A claim of exclusive favor questioned", "What the hands have sent ahead", "The meeting no one can escape", "The call to Friday remembrance", "Return to work with remembrance", "When a caravan draws the crowd away" ], "notes": [ "The heavens and earth open the chapter in glorification. Sovereignty, holiness, might, and wisdom frame what follows. The community’s gathering will be one response within this wider creation, rather than the limit of the Lord’s dominion.", "The messenger’s work joins recitation with growth and the teaching of scripture and wisdom. Receiving words is therefore connected with a changed life. The verse introduces the responsibility that the later parable will test.", "The mission extends to others not yet joined to the first hearers. Bukhari 4897 associates a question about this verse with Salman and people of his background. The report illustrates a reach beyond the original community.", "The mission is described as Allah’s bounty, given according to His will. The statement challenges the idea that such a gift is secured by inherited status. Its reception calls for gratitude and responsibility rather than possession alone.", "The donkey carrying books is a parable about scripture entrusted but not practiced. The animal bears the weight without receiving the teaching. The criticism concerns that failure of responsibility; it is not a racial image or a portrait of every Jewish person.", "The address challenges a claim of exclusive divine favor among the people being confronted. Its call concerning death tests that assertion within the dispute. It is not an invitation for readers to harm themselves or others.", "The reluctance described is connected with what the addressed people have done. Conduct, rather than a claim of privileged standing, becomes decisive. The verse continues the preceding challenge without making ancestry an exemption from responsibility.", "Death cannot be escaped, and the return is to the One who knows both hidden and visible things. The argument moves from disputed claims to an unavoidable account. What people have actually done will be made known.", "When the Friday call is made, believers are directed to remembrance and to leave trading. The verse establishes a priority at a particular time. It does not portray earning a livelihood itself as a failure of devotion.", "After the prayer, people may disperse and seek provision while continuing to remember Allah. Worship and livelihood are held within one life. The sequence is a pause for gathering followed by a return to responsible activity.", "Commerce or entertainment draws people away while the messenger remains standing. Jabir’s report in Bukhari 936 associates this with an arriving food caravan and twelve remaining listeners. The verse corrects the community’s misplaced priority." ], "sections": [ { "start": 1, "end": 4, "title": "A mission of recitation, growth, and wisdom", "summary": "The Lord’s bounty sends a messenger to teach and nurture a community whose reach extends to later hearers.", "reflection": "How can something you learn become a visible change in the way you live?" }, { "start": 5, "end": 8, "title": "Books carried and knowledge put into practice", "summary": "A striking parable challenges possession without practice, while claims of privilege meet the reality of accountability.", "reflection": "Which piece of knowledge are you carrying but have not yet put into practice?" }, { "start": 9, "end": 11, "title": "Friday prayer and the returning market", "summary": "The call gathers believers away from trading; afterward work resumes with remembrance, while a departing crowd receives a correction.", "reflection": "What deserves your full attention even when another opportunity arrives?" } ], "timeline": [ { "title": "622–632 CE · Madinan period boundaries", "year": 622, "endYear": 632, "body": "Al-Jumu‘ah is classified as Madinan. These years mark the Hijrah and the end of the Prophet’s lifetime, not an exact span of revelation for this chapter.", "source": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Mahomet" }, { "title": "The caravan during Friday gathering · report undated", "year": null, "body": "Bukhari 936 relates the crowd’s departure toward arriving food camels and the remaining twelve. It does not give a calendar date for this event.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:936" }, { "title": "Later hearers of the message", "year": null, "body": "Verse 3 includes people not yet joined to the first community. Bukhari 4897 connects its explanation with Salman; the verse supplies no final chronological boundary for that wider reach.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4897" } ], "places": [ { "id": "madinah", "name": "Madinah · the community of revelation", "body": "The surah belongs to the Madinan period. The courtyard evokes communal learning and prayer; it is not an exact reconstruction of a dated room or the original mosque.", "lat": 24.4672, "lon": 39.6111, "source": "https://quran.com/al-jumuah/info", "image": 0 }, { "id": "caravan-arrival", "name": "The gathering and the arriving caravan", "body": "Jabir’s report describes food camels drawing people away from the gathering. The illustration evokes its setting without assigning an exact market entrance or surviving structure.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:936", "image": 2 }, { "id": "parable-road", "name": "The road of the book-carrying donkey · a parable", "body": "This is an imagined setting for the Quran’s comparison, not a historical journey. The animal and its load represent carrying knowledge without benefiting from its teaching.", "source": "https://original.sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/062.htm", "image": 1 } ], "people": [ { "id": "messenger", "title": "Muhammad · reciting and teaching", "body": "The messenger’s role joins recitation, purification, and teaching. He also addresses the gathered community’s priorities. His work is discussed without depicting him.", "verse": 2 }, { "id": "salman", "title": "Salman al-Farisi · a wider circle of hearers", "body": "Bukhari 4897 places Salman in the explanation of verse 3, pointing toward people beyond the first audience. No grave, likeness, or complete biography is inferred from that report.", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4897", "label": "Read the primary report" }, { "id": "jabir", "title": "Jabir ibn Abdullah · narrator of the caravan account", "body": "Jabir reports the food caravan’s arrival and the small group that remained. His testimony supplies historical context for verse 11 without establishing a precise date.", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:936", "label": "Read the caravan report" }, { "id": "knowledge-bearers", "title": "Those entrusted with scripture", "body": "Verse 5 examines the difference between carrying a sacred text and fulfilling its responsibility. The parable’s emphasis is on practice, not inherited entitlement.", "verse": 5 } ], "history": [ { "title": "Madinan setting; no single precise revelation date", "body": "The introduction classifies the surah as Madinan and proposes more detailed timing. This reader keeps the broad period, distinguishing it from the undated incidents in the reports.", "source": "https://quran.com/al-jumuah/info" }, { "title": "A caravan tests the gathering’s attention", "body": "Bukhari 936 connects verse 11 with people leaving toward a food caravan. The episode places the final correction within communal worship and ordinary economic life.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:936" }, { "title": "A parable of unused knowledge", "body": "Ibn Kathir explains the comparison through the difference between bearing written volumes and understanding or following them. The illustration retains the literal animal parable without turning any community into a caricature.", "source": "https://quran.com/al-jumuah/5/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir" }, { "title": "The reach beyond the first hearers", "body": "Bukhari 4897 recalls Abu Huraira asking about verse 3 and the Prophet indicating Salman. The report provides an attributed example of the message’s reach beyond its earliest audience.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4897" } ], "revelationNote": "Madinan. The 622–632 CE range gives period boundaries, not an exact revelation date. The caravan and Salman reports are attributed to Bukhari. The book-carrying animal is an illustrated parable, and no prophet is depicted." }