{ "number": 63, "slug": "munafiqun", "name": "Al-Munafiqun", "arabicName": "المنافقون", "meaning": "The Hypocrites", "juz": 28, "period": "Madinan", "tagline": "BEYOND APPEARANCES, TOWARD SINCERITY & GENEROSITY", "overview": "Impressive words and appearances are tested against inward truth and public conduct. The chapter exposes attempts to divide the community through status and control of provision, then turns directly to believers: remember, give and act before the opportunity of life passes.", "sources": [ { "title": "Arabic text · quranjson (MIT)", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/semarketir/quranjson/master/source/surah/surah_63.json" }, { "title": "Sahih International · English translation (AlQuran Cloud)", "url": "https://alquran.cloud/quran/en.sahih" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=63&verse=1" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=63&verse=3" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=63&verse=4" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=63&verse=6" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=63&verse=8" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=63&verse=10" }, { "title": "Surah introduction · Quran.com", "url": "https://quran.com/al-munafiqun/info" }, { "title": "622 CE period boundary · Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)", "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira" }, { "title": "632 CE period boundary · Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)", "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Mahomet" }, { "title": "Zayd’s report and its confirmation · Bukhari 4900", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4900" }, { "title": "The expedition dispute and restraint · Bukhari 4905", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4905" } ], "verses": [ { "n": 1, "arabic": "إِذَا جَآءَكَ ٱلْمُنَٰفِقُونَ قَالُوا۟ نَشْهَدُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُهُۥ وَٱللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّ ٱلْمُنَٰفِقِينَ لَكَٰذِبُونَ", "translation": "When the hypocrites come to you, [O Muhammad], they say, \"We testify that you are the Messenger of Allah.\" And Allah knows that you are His Messenger, and Allah testifies that the hypocrites are liars." }, { "n": 2, "arabic": "ٱتَّخَذُوٓا۟ أَيْمَٰنَهُمْ جُنَّةًۭ فَصَدُّوا۟ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ سَآءَ مَا كَانُوا۟ يَعْمَلُونَ", "translation": "They have taken their oaths as a cover, so they averted [people] from the way of Allah. Indeed, it was evil that they were doing." }, { "n": 3, "arabic": "ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ءَامَنُوا۟ ثُمَّ كَفَرُوا۟ فَطُبِعَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لَا يَفْقَهُونَ", "translation": "That is because they believed, and then they disbelieved; so their hearts were sealed over, and they do not understand." }, { "n": 4, "arabic": "۞ وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ تُعْجِبُكَ أَجْسَامُهُمْ ۖ وَإِن يَقُولُوا۟ تَسْمَعْ لِقَوْلِهِمْ ۖ كَأَنَّهُمْ خُشُبٌۭ مُّسَنَّدَةٌۭ ۖ يَحْسَبُونَ كُلَّ صَيْحَةٍ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ هُمُ ٱلْعَدُوُّ فَٱحْذَرْهُمْ ۚ قَٰتَلَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۖ أَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ", "translation": "And when you see them, their forms please you, and if they speak, you listen to their speech. [They are] as if they were pieces of wood propped up - they think that every shout is against them. They are the enemy, so beware of them. May Allah destroy them; how are they deluded?" }, { "n": 5, "arabic": "وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا۟ يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ لَوَّوْا۟ رُءُوسَهُمْ وَرَأَيْتَهُمْ يَصُدُّونَ وَهُم مُّسْتَكْبِرُونَ", "translation": "And when it is said to them, \"Come, the Messenger of Allah will ask forgiveness for you,\" they turn their heads aside and you see them evading while they are arrogant." }, { "n": 6, "arabic": "سَوَآءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَسْتَغْفَرْتَ لَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ لَن يَغْفِرَ ٱللَّهُ لَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِى ٱلْقَوْمَ ٱلْفَٰسِقِينَ", "translation": "It is all the same for them whether you ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them; never will Allah forgive them. Indeed, Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people." }, { "n": 7, "arabic": "هُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ لَا تُنفِقُوا۟ عَلَىٰ مَنْ عِندَ رَسُولِ ٱللَّهِ حَتَّىٰ يَنفَضُّوا۟ ۗ وَلِلَّهِ خَزَآئِنُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱلْمُنَٰفِقِينَ لَا يَفْقَهُونَ", "translation": "They are the ones who say, \"Do not spend on those who are with the Messenger of Allah until they disband.\" And to Allah belongs the depositories of the heavens and the earth, but the hypocrites do not understand." }, { "n": 8, "arabic": "يَقُولُونَ لَئِن رَّجَعْنَآ إِلَى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ ٱلْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا ٱلْأَذَلَّ ۚ وَلِلَّهِ ٱلْعِزَّةُ وَلِرَسُولِهِۦ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱلْمُنَٰفِقِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ", "translation": "They say, \"If we return to al-Madinah, the more honored [for power] will surely expel therefrom the more humble.\" And to Allah belongs [all] honor, and to His Messenger, and to the believers, but the hypocrites do not know." }, { "n": 9, "arabic": "يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تُلْهِكُمْ أَمْوَٰلُكُمْ وَلَآ أَوْلَٰدُكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْخَٰسِرُونَ", "translation": "O you who have believed, let not your wealth and your children divert you from remembrance of Allah. And whoever does that - then those are the losers." }, { "n": 10, "arabic": "وَأَنفِقُوا۟ مِن مَّا رَزَقْنَٰكُم مِّن قَبْلِ أَن يَأْتِىَ أَحَدَكُمُ ٱلْمَوْتُ فَيَقُولَ رَبِّ لَوْلَآ أَخَّرْتَنِىٓ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍۢ قَرِيبٍۢ فَأَصَّدَّقَ وَأَكُن مِّنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ", "translation": "And spend [in the way of Allah] from what We have provided you before death approaches one of you and he says, \"My Lord, if only You would delay me for a brief term so I would give charity and be among the righteous.\"" }, { "n": 11, "arabic": "وَلَن يُؤَخِّرَ ٱللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِذَا جَآءَ أَجَلُهَا ۚ وَٱللَّهُ خَبِيرٌۢ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ", "translation": "But never will Allah delay a soul when its time has come. And Allah is Acquainted with what you do." } ], "glosses": [ [ "When", "come to you", "the hypocrites,", "they say,", "\"We testify", "that you", "(are) surely (the) Messenger", "(of) Allah.\"", "And Allah", "knows", "that you", "(are) surely His Messenger,", "and Allah", "testifies", "that", "the hypocrites", "(are) surely liars." ], [ "They take", "their oaths", "(as) a cover,", "so they turn away", "from", "(the) Way", "(of) Allah.", "Indeed, [they]", "evil is", "what", "they used to", "do." ], [ "That", "(is) because", "they believed,", "then", "they disbelieved;", "so were sealed", "[upon]", "their hearts,", "so they", "(do) not", "understand." ], [ "And when", "you see them", "pleases you", "their bodies,", "and if", "they speak,", "you listen", "to their speech,", "as if they (were)", "pieces of wood", "propped up.", "They think", "every", "shout", "(is) against them.", "They", "(are) the enemy,", "so beware of them.", "May destroy them", "Allah!", "How", "are they deluded?" ], [ "And when", "it is said", "to them,", "\"Come,", "will ask forgiveness", "for you", "(the) Messenger", "(of) Allah.\"", "They turn aside", "their heads", "and you see them", "turning away", "while they", "(are) arrogant." ], [ "(It) is same", "for them", "whether you ask forgiveness", "for them", "or", "(do) not", "ask forgiveness", "for them.", "Never", "will forgive", "Allah", "[to] them.", "Indeed,", "Allah", "(does) not", "guide", "the people,", "the defiantly disobedient." ], [ "They", "(are) those who", "say,", "\"(Do) not", "spend", "on", "(those) who", "(are) with", "(the) Messenger", "(of) Allah", "until", "they disband.\"", "And for Allah", "(are the) treasures", "(of) the heavens", "and the earth,", "but", "the hypocrites", "(do) not", "understand." ], [ "They say,", "\"If", "we return", "to", "Al-Madinah,", "surely, will expel", "the more honorable", "from it", "the more humble.\"", "But for Allah", "(is) the honor", "and for His Messenger", "and for the believers,", "but", "the hypocrites", "(do) not", "know." ], [ "O", "you (who)", "believe!", "(Let) not", "divert you", "your wealth", "and not", "your children", "from", "(the) remembrance", "(of) Allah.", "And whoever", "does", "that,", "then those", "[they]", "(are) the losers." ], [ "And spend", "from", "what", "We have provided you", "from", "before", "[that]", "comes", "(to) one of you", "the death", "and he says,", "\"My Lord!", "Why not", "You delay me", "for", "a term", "near", "so I would give charity", "and be", "among", "the righteous.\"" ], [ "But never", "will (be) delayed", "(by) Allah", "a soul", "when", "has come", "its term.", "And Allah", "(is) All-Aware", "of what", "you do." ] ], "titles": [ "True words, a false profession", "Oaths used as a shield", "A heart closed to understanding", "Impressive appearances and inward fear", "Turning away from forgiveness", "The consequence of persistent refusal", "Trying to control others through provision", "Who possesses real honor?", "When possessions distract", "Give while there is still time", "The term that cannot be postponed" ], "notes": [ "The opening distinguishes the truth of Muhammad’s messengership from the sincerity of those declaring it. Their words contain a true statement, yet the profession is false. The verse asks the reader to consider the relationship between speech and commitment.", "Oaths become a protective cover for conduct that obstructs others. Pickthall renders this through faith used as a pretext; the word aid preserves oaths as a shield. The difference helps expose the misuse of outward religious assurance.", "The passage describes a movement from belief into rejection and an ensuing failure to understand. It belongs to the specific account of hypocrisy here. The reader should not assume that an outward disagreement reveals another person’s hidden heart.", "Pleasing appearance and persuasive speech are contrasted with lifeless timber and inward alarm. The striking comparison exposes hollowness behind display. Its purpose is moral discernment rather than judging sincerity from someone’s body, clothing or speaking ability alone.", "An invitation to seek the messenger’s prayer for forgiveness is answered with disdain. The gestures of turning away make refusal visible. The next verse should be read within this account of resistance to an offered return.", "The warning follows the persistent refusal just described. Asking or not asking does not change the outcome of that response. Reading it in sequence prevents the line from being detached from the rejection and arrogance surrounding it.", "Provision is used as a proposed tool of pressure: support is to be withheld so people disperse. The answer recalls the treasures of heaven and earth. The verse exposes a social attempt to make need serve division.", "The claim about expelling others from Madinah treats status as a weapon. The verse answers by relocating honor in relation to Allah, the messenger and believers. It challenges the speaker’s assumption that influence determines true dignity.", "The address turns directly to believers, including those who have heard the preceding warning. Wealth and children can absorb attention until remembrance is displaced. The chapter asks for self-examination rather than allowing its first subject to remain only other people.", "Giving is urged before the arrival of death produces a wish for more time. The imagined request makes postponement personal. The verse invites present action with received provision, while the ability to choose and benefit others remains.", "The final line closes the request for delay and affirms knowledge of deeds. Its brevity gives urgency to the invitation just made. The chapter ends with the reader’s use of time, not merely its exposure of hypocrisy." ], "sections": [ { "start": 1, "end": 4, "title": "What lies behind the appearance?", "summary": "A false profession, protective oaths and impressive outward display are contrasted with inward truth.", "reflection": "Where does your outward presentation need to become more consistent with what you actually intend?" }, { "start": 5, "end": 8, "title": "Status, provision and a divided community", "summary": "Arrogance resists forgiveness and tries to use wealth and local influence to drive others away.", "reflection": "How can disagreement be handled without turning belonging or material need into a weapon?" }, { "start": 9, "end": 11, "title": "Give before the moment passes", "summary": "Believers are urged to remember and spend while there is still time to act.", "reflection": "What worthwhile act have you been treating as if it can always wait?" } ], "timeline": [ { "title": "622–632 CE · Madinan period", "year": 622, "endYear": 632, "body": "Al-Munafiqun belongs to the Madinan mission. The range marks the broad period between the Hijrah and the end of the Prophet’s lifetime, not a precise date for each speech or verse.", "source": "https://quran.com/al-munafiqun/info" }, { "title": "An expedition dispute · an occasion reported", "year": null, "body": "The introduction associates the episode with Banu al-Mustaliq. The cited Bukhari accounts describe an expedition and the hostile statements without fixing a calendar year, so no precise date is assigned here.", "source": "https://quran.com/al-munafiqun/info" }, { "title": "Zayd’s testimony · confirmation in the report", "year": null, "body": "Zayd ibn Arqam relates hearing the statements, reporting them and suffering distress when they were denied. His account ends with the Prophet reciting the surah and confirming his testimony.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4900" }, { "title": "Before the end of life · an opportunity to give", "year": null, "body": "Verses 9–11 move from the community’s dispute to every believer’s use of wealth and time. The final term is a personal horizon, not a date this reader can calculate.", "source": "https://original.sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/063.htm" } ], "places": [ { "id": "madinah", "name": "Madinah · named in the disputed boast", "body": "Verse 8 explicitly names Al-Madinah as the city to which the speakers expect to return. The city marker locates that reference; it does not identify the exact building or gathering depicted.", "lat": 24.4672, "lon": 39.6111, "source": "https://original.sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/063.htm", "image": 0 }, { "id": "expedition", "name": "An expedition camp · exact site unspecified", "body": "The reports describe a dispute away from Madinah during an expedition. The imagined camp is not an authenticated campsite, and the reader does not add coordinates for an uncertain meeting place.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4905", "image": 1 }, { "id": "giving", "name": "Everyday places of giving · no named house", "body": "The closing appeal concerns provision and generosity before death. It names no donor’s home or recipient’s address. The scene is an ordinary act of giving, illustrating the appeal’s practical meaning.", "source": "https://original.sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/063.htm", "image": 2 } ], "people": [ { "id": "zayd", "title": "Zayd ibn Arqam · the young witness", "body": "Bukhari 4900 records Zayd’s account of hearing and reporting the hostile statements. His testimony was denied before the surah’s recitation confirmed him, giving the episode a personal dimension of distress and vindication.", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4900", "label": "Read Bukhari 4900" }, { "id": "ibn-ubayy", "title": "Abdullah ibn Ubayy · named in the reports", "body": "The Quran quotes statements without naming their speaker. Zayd’s report identifies Abdullah ibn Ubayy as the one who proposed withholding support and boasted about expelling others on returning to Madinah.", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4900", "label": "Read the transmitted identification" }, { "id": "community", "title": "Emigrants and helpers · a division resisted", "body": "Jabir’s account describes a quarrel that became rival calls to the emigrants and the helpers. The Prophet rejected that factional appeal, keeping the report’s social setting distinct from a general judgment about either group.", "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4905", "label": "Read Bukhari 4905" }, { "id": "believers", "title": "Believers · addressed at the close", "body": "The chapter’s final command concerns believers’ own priorities: remembrance, possessions, children and giving. Its lesson returns to the listener’s conduct rather than remaining a description of an opposing group.", "verse": 9 } ], "history": [ { "title": "A named episode behind unnamed quotations", "body": "Bukhari 4900 connects the quoted claims with Abdullah ibn Ubayy and the testimony of Zayd. The personal names come from the transmitted account; they are not silently inserted into the Quranic wording.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4900" }, { "title": "Factional language and restraint", "body": "Bukhari 4905 records rejection of rival group appeals during the dispute. It also reports the Prophet refusing a proposal to kill Ibn Ubayy, a significant element of restraint within the tense episode.", "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4905" }, { "title": "The expedition’s dating is kept broad", "body": "The introduction links the occasion with Banu al-Mustaliq and gives an approximate traditional date. This reader retains the episode while using the wider Madinan range, rather than presenting one converted calendar year as certain.", "source": "https://quran.com/al-munafiqun/info" }, { "title": "The ending turns the question inward", "body": "After describing hypocrisy and pressure, the surah addresses believers about distraction and delayed generosity. The shift keeps the reading centered on sincere conduct and timely action, rather than on labeling contemporary people.", "source": "https://original.sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/063.htm" } ], "revelationNote": "Madinan. The reported expedition occasion is preserved, but no exact converted year or campsite is asserted. The 622–632 CE marker is a broad mission period; names behind the quoted speeches come from hadith reports." }