{
  "number": 52,
  "slug": "tur",
  "name": "At-Tur",
  "arabicName": "الطور",
  "meaning": "The Mount",
  "juz": 27,
  "period": "Makkan",
  "tagline": "THE MOUNT, THE QUESTIONS & THE FADING STARS",
  "overview": "Oaths by mountain, scripture, sky and sea announce a coming account. Scenes of judgment give way to a garden conversation among grateful families. Searching questions then challenge denial, before the chapter closes with patience and praise through the night.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Arabic text · quranjson (MIT)",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/semarketir/quranjson/master/source/surah/surah_52.json"
    },
    {
      "title": "Sahih International · English translation (AlQuran Cloud)",
      "url": "https://alquran.cloud/quran/en.sahih"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=46"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=43"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=1"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=9"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=26"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=32"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=20"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=36"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=22"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=39"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=29"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=14"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=17"
    },
    {
      "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)",
      "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=52&verse=49"
    },
    {
      "title": "Surah introduction · Quran.com",
      "url": "https://quran.com/at-tur/info"
    },
    {
      "title": "622 CE period boundary · Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
      "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira"
    },
    {
      "title": "632 CE period boundary · Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
      "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Mahomet"
    },
    {
      "title": "Opening oaths · Ibn Kathir",
      "url": "https://quran.com/at-tur/1/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir"
    },
    {
      "title": "Jubayr hears At-Tur · Bukhari 4854",
      "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4854"
    },
    {
      "title": "Sahih International · English translation (AlQuran Cloud)",
      "url": "https://alquran.cloud/quran/en.sahih"
    }
  ],
  "verses": [
    {
      "n": 1,
      "arabic": "وَٱلطُّورِ",
      "translation": "By the mount"
    },
    {
      "n": 2,
      "arabic": "وَكِتَٰبٍۢ مَّسْطُورٍۢ",
      "translation": "And [by] a Book inscribed"
    },
    {
      "n": 3,
      "arabic": "فِى رَقٍّۢ مَّنشُورٍۢ",
      "translation": "In parchment spread open"
    },
    {
      "n": 4,
      "arabic": "وَٱلْبَيْتِ ٱلْمَعْمُورِ",
      "translation": "And [by] the frequented House"
    },
    {
      "n": 5,
      "arabic": "وَٱلسَّقْفِ ٱلْمَرْفُوعِ",
      "translation": "And [by] the heaven raised high"
    },
    {
      "n": 6,
      "arabic": "وَٱلْبَحْرِ ٱلْمَسْجُورِ",
      "translation": "And [by] the sea filled [with fire],"
    },
    {
      "n": 7,
      "arabic": "إِنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّكَ لَوَٰقِعٌۭ",
      "translation": "Indeed, the punishment of your Lord will occur."
    },
    {
      "n": 8,
      "arabic": "مَّا لَهُۥ مِن دَافِعٍۢ",
      "translation": "Of it there is no preventer."
    },
    {
      "n": 9,
      "arabic": "يَوْمَ تَمُورُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ مَوْرًۭا",
      "translation": "On the Day the heaven will sway with circular motion"
    },
    {
      "n": 10,
      "arabic": "وَتَسِيرُ ٱلْجِبَالُ سَيْرًۭا",
      "translation": "And the mountains will pass on, departing -"
    },
    {
      "n": 11,
      "arabic": "فَوَيْلٌۭ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ لِّلْمُكَذِّبِينَ",
      "translation": "Then woe, that Day, to the deniers,"
    },
    {
      "n": 12,
      "arabic": "ٱلَّذِينَ هُمْ فِى خَوْضٍۢ يَلْعَبُونَ",
      "translation": "Who are in [empty] discourse amusing themselves."
    },
    {
      "n": 13,
      "arabic": "يَوْمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَىٰ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا",
      "translation": "The Day they are thrust toward the fire of Hell with a [violent] thrust, [its angels will say],"
    },
    {
      "n": 14,
      "arabic": "هَٰذِهِ ٱلنَّارُ ٱلَّتِى كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ",
      "translation": "\"This is the Fire which you used to deny."
    },
    {
      "n": 15,
      "arabic": "أَفَسِحْرٌ هَٰذَآ أَمْ أَنتُمْ لَا تُبْصِرُونَ",
      "translation": "Then is this magic, or do you not see?"
    },
    {
      "n": 16,
      "arabic": "ٱصْلَوْهَا فَٱصْبِرُوٓا۟ أَوْ لَا تَصْبِرُوا۟ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيْكُمْ ۖ إِنَّمَا تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ",
      "translation": "[Enter to] burn therein; then be patient or impatient - it is all the same for you. You are only being recompensed [for] what you used to do.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 17,
      "arabic": "إِنَّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ فِى جَنَّٰتٍۢ وَنَعِيمٍۢ",
      "translation": "Indeed, the righteous will be in gardens and pleasure,"
    },
    {
      "n": 18,
      "arabic": "فَٰكِهِينَ بِمَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ وَوَقَىٰهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ عَذَابَ ٱلْجَحِيمِ",
      "translation": "Enjoying what their Lord has given them, and their Lord protected them from the punishment of Hellfire."
    },
    {
      "n": 19,
      "arabic": "كُلُوا۟ وَٱشْرَبُوا۟ هَنِيٓـًٔۢا بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ",
      "translation": "[They will be told], \"Eat and drink in satisfaction for what you used to do.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 20,
      "arabic": "مُتَّكِـِٔينَ عَلَىٰ سُرُرٍۢ مَّصْفُوفَةٍۢ ۖ وَزَوَّجْنَٰهُم بِحُورٍ عِينٍۢ",
      "translation": "They will be reclining on thrones lined up, and We will marry them to fair women with large, [beautiful] eyes."
    },
    {
      "n": 21,
      "arabic": "وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَٱتَّبَعَتْهُمْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُم بِإِيمَٰنٍ أَلْحَقْنَا بِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَمَآ أَلَتْنَٰهُم مِّنْ عَمَلِهِم مِّن شَىْءٍۢ ۚ كُلُّ ٱمْرِئٍۭ بِمَا كَسَبَ رَهِينٌۭ",
      "translation": "And those who believed and whose descendants followed them in faith - We will join with them their descendants, and We will not deprive them of anything of their deeds. Every person, for what he earned, is retained."
    },
    {
      "n": 22,
      "arabic": "وَأَمْدَدْنَٰهُم بِفَٰكِهَةٍۢ وَلَحْمٍۢ مِّمَّا يَشْتَهُونَ",
      "translation": "And We will provide them with fruit and meat from whatever they desire."
    },
    {
      "n": 23,
      "arabic": "يَتَنَٰزَعُونَ فِيهَا كَأْسًۭا لَّا لَغْوٌۭ فِيهَا وَلَا تَأْثِيمٌۭ",
      "translation": "They will exchange with one another a cup [of wine] wherein [results] no ill speech or commission of sin."
    },
    {
      "n": 24,
      "arabic": "۞ وَيَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِمْ غِلْمَانٌۭ لَّهُمْ كَأَنَّهُمْ لُؤْلُؤٌۭ مَّكْنُونٌۭ",
      "translation": "There will circulate among them [servant] boys [especially] for them, as if they were pearls well-protected."
    },
    {
      "n": 25,
      "arabic": "وَأَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍۢ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ",
      "translation": "And they will approach one another, inquiring of each other."
    },
    {
      "n": 26,
      "arabic": "قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا كُنَّا قَبْلُ فِىٓ أَهْلِنَا مُشْفِقِينَ",
      "translation": "They will say, \"Indeed, we were previously among our people fearful [of displeasing Allah]."
    },
    {
      "n": 27,
      "arabic": "فَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا وَوَقَىٰنَا عَذَابَ ٱلسَّمُومِ",
      "translation": "So Allah conferred favor upon us and protected us from the punishment of the Scorching Fire."
    },
    {
      "n": 28,
      "arabic": "إِنَّا كُنَّا مِن قَبْلُ نَدْعُوهُ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلْبَرُّ ٱلرَّحِيمُ",
      "translation": "Indeed, we used to supplicate Him before. Indeed, it is He who is the Beneficent, the Merciful.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 29,
      "arabic": "فَذَكِّرْ فَمَآ أَنتَ بِنِعْمَتِ رَبِّكَ بِكَاهِنٍۢ وَلَا مَجْنُونٍ",
      "translation": "So remind [O Muhammad], for you are not, by the favor of your Lord, a soothsayer or a madman."
    },
    {
      "n": 30,
      "arabic": "أَمْ يَقُولُونَ شَاعِرٌۭ نَّتَرَبَّصُ بِهِۦ رَيْبَ ٱلْمَنُونِ",
      "translation": "Or do they say [of you], \"A poet for whom we await a misfortune of time?\""
    },
    {
      "n": 31,
      "arabic": "قُلْ تَرَبَّصُوا۟ فَإِنِّى مَعَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْمُتَرَبِّصِينَ",
      "translation": "Say, \"Wait, for indeed I am, with you, among the waiters.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 32,
      "arabic": "أَمْ تَأْمُرُهُمْ أَحْلَٰمُهُم بِهَٰذَآ ۚ أَمْ هُمْ قَوْمٌۭ طَاغُونَ",
      "translation": "Or do their minds command them to [say] this, or are they a transgressing people?"
    },
    {
      "n": 33,
      "arabic": "أَمْ يَقُولُونَ تَقَوَّلَهُۥ ۚ بَل لَّا يُؤْمِنُونَ",
      "translation": "Or do they say, \"He has made it up\"? Rather, they do not believe."
    },
    {
      "n": 34,
      "arabic": "فَلْيَأْتُوا۟ بِحَدِيثٍۢ مِّثْلِهِۦٓ إِن كَانُوا۟ صَٰدِقِينَ",
      "translation": "Then let them produce a statement like it, if they should be truthful."
    },
    {
      "n": 35,
      "arabic": "أَمْ خُلِقُوا۟ مِنْ غَيْرِ شَىْءٍ أَمْ هُمُ ٱلْخَٰلِقُونَ",
      "translation": "Or were they created by nothing, or were they the creators [of themselves]?"
    },
    {
      "n": 36,
      "arabic": "أَمْ خَلَقُوا۟ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ ۚ بَل لَّا يُوقِنُونَ",
      "translation": "Or did they create the heavens and the earth? Rather, they are not certain."
    },
    {
      "n": 37,
      "arabic": "أَمْ عِندَهُمْ خَزَآئِنُ رَبِّكَ أَمْ هُمُ ٱلْمُصَۣيْطِرُونَ",
      "translation": "Or have they the depositories [containing the provision] of your Lord? Or are they the controllers [of them]?"
    },
    {
      "n": 38,
      "arabic": "أَمْ لَهُمْ سُلَّمٌۭ يَسْتَمِعُونَ فِيهِ ۖ فَلْيَأْتِ مُسْتَمِعُهُم بِسُلْطَٰنٍۢ مُّبِينٍ",
      "translation": "Or have they a stairway [into the heaven] upon which they listen? Then let their listener produce a clear authority."
    },
    {
      "n": 39,
      "arabic": "أَمْ لَهُ ٱلْبَنَٰتُ وَلَكُمُ ٱلْبَنُونَ",
      "translation": "Or has He daughters while you have sons?"
    },
    {
      "n": 40,
      "arabic": "أَمْ تَسْـَٔلُهُمْ أَجْرًۭا فَهُم مِّن مَّغْرَمٍۢ مُّثْقَلُونَ",
      "translation": "Or do you, [O Muhammad], ask of them a payment, so they are by debt burdened down?"
    },
    {
      "n": 41,
      "arabic": "أَمْ عِندَهُمُ ٱلْغَيْبُ فَهُمْ يَكْتُبُونَ",
      "translation": "Or have they [knowledge of] the unseen, so they write [it] down?"
    },
    {
      "n": 42,
      "arabic": "أَمْ يُرِيدُونَ كَيْدًۭا ۖ فَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ هُمُ ٱلْمَكِيدُونَ",
      "translation": "Or do they intend a plan? But those who disbelieve - they are the object of a plan."
    },
    {
      "n": 43,
      "arabic": "أَمْ لَهُمْ إِلَٰهٌ غَيْرُ ٱللَّهِ ۚ سُبْحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ",
      "translation": "Or have they a deity other than Allah? Exalted is Allah above whatever they associate with Him."
    },
    {
      "n": 44,
      "arabic": "وَإِن يَرَوْا۟ كِسْفًۭا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ سَاقِطًۭا يَقُولُوا۟ سَحَابٌۭ مَّرْكُومٌۭ",
      "translation": "And if they were to see a fragment from the sky falling, they would say, \"[It is merely] clouds heaped up.\""
    },
    {
      "n": 45,
      "arabic": "فَذَرْهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُوا۟ يَوْمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِى فِيهِ يُصْعَقُونَ",
      "translation": "So leave them until they meet their Day in which they will be struck insensible -"
    },
    {
      "n": 46,
      "arabic": "يَوْمَ لَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُمْ كَيْدُهُمْ شَيْـًۭٔا وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ",
      "translation": "The Day their plan will not avail them at all, nor will they be helped."
    },
    {
      "n": 47,
      "arabic": "وَإِنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ عَذَابًۭا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ",
      "translation": "And indeed, for those who have wronged is a punishment before that, but most of them do not know."
    },
    {
      "n": 48,
      "arabic": "وَٱصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ فَإِنَّكَ بِأَعْيُنِنَا ۖ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ",
      "translation": "And be patient, [O Muhammad], for the decision of your Lord, for indeed, you are in Our eyes. And exalt [Allah] with praise of your Lord when you arise."
    },
    {
      "n": 49,
      "arabic": "وَمِنَ ٱلَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْهُ وَإِدْبَٰرَ ٱلنُّجُومِ",
      "translation": "And in a part of the night exalt Him and after [the setting of] the stars."
    }
  ],
  "glosses": [
    [
      "By the Mount,"
    ],
    [
      "And by (the) Book",
      "written"
    ],
    [
      "In",
      "parchment",
      "unrolled,"
    ],
    [
      "By the House",
      "frequented"
    ],
    [
      "By the roof",
      "raised high"
    ],
    [
      "By the sea",
      "filled"
    ],
    [
      "Indeed,",
      "(the) punishment",
      "(of) your Lord",
      "(will) surely occur."
    ],
    [
      "Not",
      "for it",
      "any",
      "preventer."
    ],
    [
      "(On the) Day",
      "will shake",
      "the heaven",
      "(with violent) shake"
    ],
    [
      "And will move away,",
      "the mountains",
      "(with an awful) movement"
    ],
    [
      "Then woe,",
      "that Day,",
      "to the deniers,"
    ],
    [
      "Who",
      "[they]",
      "in",
      "(vain) discourse",
      "are playing."
    ],
    [
      "(The) Day",
      "they will be thrust",
      "(in)to",
      "(the) Fire",
      "(of) Hell",
      "(with) a thrust."
    ],
    [
      "\"This",
      "(is) the Fire",
      "which",
      "you used to",
      "[of it]",
      "deny."
    ],
    [
      "Then (is it) magic",
      "this?",
      "or",
      "you",
      "(do) not",
      "see?"
    ],
    [
      "Burn in it",
      "then be patient",
      "or",
      "(do) not",
      "be patient,",
      "(it is) same",
      "for you.",
      "Only",
      "you are being recompensed",
      "(for) what",
      "you used to",
      "do.\""
    ],
    [
      "Indeed,",
      "the righteous",
      "(will be) in",
      "Gardens",
      "and pleasure,"
    ],
    [
      "Enjoying",
      "in what",
      "has given them",
      "their Lord,",
      "and protected them",
      "their Lord",
      "(from the) punishment",
      "(of) Hellfire."
    ],
    [
      "\"Eat",
      "and drink",
      "(in) satisfaction",
      "for what",
      "you used to",
      "do.\""
    ],
    [
      "Reclining",
      "on",
      "thrones",
      "lined up,",
      "and We will marry them",
      "to fair ones",
      "(with) large eyes."
    ],
    [
      "And those who",
      "believed",
      "and followed them",
      "their offspring",
      "in faith,",
      "We will join",
      "with them",
      "their offspring",
      "and not",
      "We will deprive them",
      "of",
      "their deeds",
      "(in) any",
      "thing.",
      "Every",
      "person",
      "for what",
      "he earned",
      "(is) pledged."
    ],
    [
      "And We will provide them",
      "with fruit",
      "and meat",
      "from what",
      "they desire."
    ],
    [
      "They will pass to one another",
      "therein",
      "a cup,",
      "no",
      "ill speech",
      "therein",
      "and no",
      "sin."
    ],
    [
      "And will circulate",
      "among them",
      "boys",
      "for them,",
      "as if they (were)",
      "pearls",
      "well-protected."
    ],
    [
      "And will approach",
      "some of them",
      "to",
      "others",
      "inquiring."
    ],
    [
      "They will say,",
      "\"Indeed, we",
      "[we] were",
      "before",
      "among",
      "our families",
      "fearful,"
    ],
    [
      "But conferred favor",
      "Allah",
      "upon us,",
      "and protected us",
      "(from the) punishment",
      "(of) the Scorching Fire."
    ],
    [
      "Indeed, we",
      "[we] used to",
      "[from]",
      "before",
      "call Him.",
      "Indeed, He",
      "[He]",
      "(is) the Most Kind,",
      "the Most Merciful.\""
    ],
    [
      "Therefore remind,",
      "for not",
      "you",
      "(are) by (the) grace",
      "(of) your Lord",
      "a soothsayer,",
      "and not",
      "a madman."
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "(do) they say,",
      "\"A poet,",
      "we wait",
      "for him",
      "(the) misfortune",
      "(of) time."
    ],
    [
      "Say,",
      "\"Wait,",
      "for indeed I am,",
      "with you,",
      "among",
      "those who wait.\""
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "command them",
      "their minds",
      "this,",
      "or",
      "they",
      "(are) a people",
      "transgressing?"
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "(do) they say,",
      "\"He has made it up\"",
      "Nay,",
      "not",
      "they believe."
    ],
    [
      "Then let them bring",
      "a statement",
      "like it,",
      "if",
      "they are",
      "truthful."
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "they were created",
      "of",
      "without",
      "anything,",
      "or",
      "(are) they",
      "the creators?"
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "(did) they create",
      "the heavens",
      "and the earth?",
      "Nay,",
      "not",
      "they are certain."
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "with them",
      "(are the) treasures",
      "(of) your Lord",
      "or",
      "(are) they",
      "the controllers?"
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "for them",
      "(is) a stairway,",
      "they listen",
      "therewith?",
      "Then let bring,",
      "their listener,",
      "an authority",
      "clear."
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "for Him",
      "(are) daughters",
      "while for you",
      "(are) sons?"
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "(do) you ask from them",
      "a payment,",
      "so they",
      "from",
      "a debt",
      "(are) overburdened."
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "with them",
      "(is) the unseen,",
      "so they",
      "write (it) down?"
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "(do) they intend",
      "a plot?",
      "But those who",
      "disbelieve,",
      "themselves",
      "(are in) the plot."
    ],
    [
      "Or",
      "for them",
      "a god",
      "other than",
      "Allah?",
      "Glory be",
      "(to) Allah",
      "from what",
      "they associate (with Him)."
    ],
    [
      "And if",
      "they were to see",
      "a portion",
      "from",
      "the sky",
      "falling,",
      "they will say,",
      "\"Clouds",
      "heaped up.\""
    ],
    [
      "So leave them",
      "until",
      "they meet",
      "their Day",
      "which",
      "in it",
      "they will faint."
    ],
    [
      "(The) Day",
      "not",
      "will avail",
      "to them",
      "their plotting",
      "(in) anything,",
      "and not",
      "they",
      "will be helped."
    ],
    [
      "And indeed,",
      "for those who",
      "do wrong,",
      "(is) a punishment",
      "before",
      "that,",
      "but",
      "most of them",
      "(do) not",
      "know."
    ],
    [
      "So be patient,",
      "for (the) Command",
      "(of) your Lord,",
      "for indeed, you",
      "(are) in Our Eyes.",
      "And glorify",
      "(the) praise",
      "(of) your Lord",
      "when",
      "you arise,"
    ],
    [
      "And of",
      "the night,",
      "glorify Him,",
      "and after",
      "the stars."
    ]
  ],
  "translationNote": "English translation: Sahih International, via AlQuran Cloud. Original source wording is preserved.",
  "titles": [
    "By the Mount",
    "A scripture inscribed",
    "Parchment opened",
    "The frequented House",
    "The raised roof",
    "The filled sea",
    "The promised account",
    "Nothing can turn it back",
    "The sky in upheaval",
    "Mountains set in motion",
    "A warning to deniers",
    "Treating grave matters as play",
    "Driven toward the Fire",
    "What was once denied",
    "Can it still be dismissed?",
    "Recompense for deeds",
    "Gardens and delight",
    "Joy and deliverance",
    "A welcome to eat and drink",
    "Rest and companionship",
    "Families joined in faith",
    "Provision freely given",
    "A cup without harmful speech",
    "Service like sheltered pearls",
    "A conversation of remembrance",
    "Remembering earlier concern",
    "Grace after fear",
    "The One they used to call",
    "Continue the reminder",
    "The accusation of poetry",
    "Wait and see",
    "Reason or rebellion?",
    "The charge of invention",
    "A challenge to produce its like",
    "The question of origin",
    "Who created heaven and earth?",
    "Who controls the treasures?",
    "A stairway to hidden knowledge?",
    "An unequal claim about offspring",
    "No fee demanded",
    "No possession of the unseen",
    "Plots that turn upon their makers",
    "No other god",
    "A sign explained away",
    "The day they must meet",
    "When schemes cannot help",
    "A further consequence",
    "Patience under divine care",
    "Praise as the stars fade"
  ],
  "notes": [
    "The chapter opens with an oath by the Mount, placing the listener before a landscape associated with revelation. Its stark first image invites attention before any argument begins: the warning will unfold within a world already bearing signs.",
    "The written scripture enters beside the mountain. Revelation is evoked through something inscribed, preserving words beyond the moment of speaking. The opening sequence joins a place of encounter with a record that can be received and remembered.",
    "The parchment is unrolled, suggesting a text presented rather than hidden away. This brief image adds openness to the preceding mention of inscription. Readers are invited to attend to a message, not merely admire the object carrying it.",
    "The frequented House adds worship to the opening sequence. Ibn Kathir connects it with the heavenly al-Bayt al-Ma‘mur in transmitted tradition. That interpretation belongs to the unseen; an earthly building should not be presented as its literal reconstruction.",
    "The raised roof turns attention upward. The phrase expands the scale from parchment and place to the sheltering height above the listener. In the sequence of oaths, familiar surroundings become reminders of a reality greater than individual control.",
    "The sea completes the opening panorama with depth and breadth. Pickthall renders it as filled; classical commentary also records an interpretation connected with future fire. The reader should recognise this difference without merging every interpretation into one physical scene.",
    "The purpose of the oaths is now stated: the Lord’s judgment will occur. The preceding images prepare the ear for this declaration. Its certainty is central to the chapter’s argument, even though its date remains undisclosed.",
    "The warning cannot be dismissed by imagining a power able to prevent it. This short verse completes the opening assertion. The issue is not how people might outmanoeuvre the final account, but how they respond before it arrives.",
    "The sky, previously evoked as a raised roof, now moves violently in the judgment scene. Something that appears dependable becomes unstable. The change in imagery challenges the habit of treating the present order as permanently secure.",
    "Mountains also move, continuing the reversal of familiar stability. The image does not supply a calendar prediction or identify a modern disaster. It belongs to the chapter’s portrayal of the final upheaval in which earthly securities fail.",
    "The address concentrates on those who deny the warning. The declared woe follows the collapse of sky and mountains, joining outward upheaval with moral consequence. The text asks the listener to take rejection seriously while a response remains possible.",
    "The criticism concerns treating grave matters as an idle game. A playful surface can conceal refusal to engage with questions of truth and responsibility. The verse examines the posture of the discussion as well as the claims being made.",
    "The judgment scene becomes immediate and forceful as the deniers are driven toward the Fire. The language conveys an end to their ability to dismiss the warning. It is a portrayal of divine judgment, not an instruction for human punishment.",
    "What had been denied is now encountered directly. The brief address exposes the distance between an earlier claim and present recognition. The warning invites the living listener to consider that difference before denial has become an irreversible memory.",
    "The question turns a familiar dismissal back upon its speakers. Once the consequence is before them, calling it magic no longer explains it away. The verse asks whether their difficulty was lack of sight or refusal to acknowledge what was shown.",
    "Endurance or impatience cannot change this outcome. The explanation returns attention to deeds, linking consequence with the life previously lived. The passage does not describe suffering as meaningless; it presents it within the chapter’s account of moral recompense.",
    "The scene changes sharply to gardens and delight for those who were mindful of their duty. This contrast widens the chapter beyond warning alone. Its promised future includes welcome and enjoyment as well as the exposure of denial.",
    "Joy includes both receiving good and being protected from torment. The verse joins positive generosity with remembered deliverance, giving gratitude two directions. Happiness is described through the Lord’s gift rather than through achievement understood as wholly independent.",
    "The welcome to eat and drink makes reward tangible through familiar acts of nourishment. The reference to earlier deeds keeps earthly responsibility connected with the promised joy. Daily choices are shown as having significance beyond their immediate circumstances.",
    "Rest and companionship replace the earlier scene of being driven forward in fear. The ordered couches convey ease and welcome. These are descriptions of the promised garden, not details from an earthly palace that archaeology could reconstruct.",
    "Believing descendants are joined with their families without diminishing the reward of earlier generations. Yet the verse also preserves individual accountability. Family reunion is a mercy within faith, not a claim that ancestry alone replaces personal responsibility.",
    "Fruit and meat express abundant provision responsive to desire. The short verse continues the garden’s atmosphere of ease. Its purpose is to convey generosity and enjoyment, rather than establish the geography or material limits of a place in this world.",
    "The shared cup is distinguished by the absence of empty or sinful speech. Enjoyment does not damage relationships or judgment. The scene imagines sociability freed from the harms that can accompany a gathering in ordinary human experience.",
    "The attendants are compared with protected pearls, extending the imagery of beauty and careful keeping. The comparison belongs to the garden scene. It should be read as the verse presents it, without inventing biographies for the figures described.",
    "The people turn toward one another in conversation. After descriptions of provision and rest, attention moves to shared memory. The garden’s joy includes the ability to speak together about the lives and concerns that preceded their welcome.",
    "They remember the concern they felt while living among their families. Familiar domestic life is not separated from awareness of accountability. The recollection gives their present security depth: they know what it meant to live without seeing the promised end.",
    "Their explanation of deliverance is Allah’s graciousness. The memory of danger becomes an expression of gratitude rather than self-congratulation. Looking back, they recognise their safety as a gift and place mercy at the centre of their story.",
    "They recall calling upon Allah before reaching this welcome. Prayer connects the earlier life with the present scene, and the names of kindness and mercy complete their recollection. Their conversation ends by identifying the One to whom they turned.",
    "The messenger is told to continue reminding despite accusations against him. His role is affirmed through divine favour, while soothsaying and madness are rejected. The command directs attention back to the message rather than the labels used to dismiss its bearer.",
    "Another accusation presents the messenger as a poet whose influence will disappear with time. The verse exposes the hope that waiting for a person’s decline might remove the challenge of the message, without requiring a serious answer.",
    "The response turns their waiting into a shared expectation of what will be revealed by events. It does not supply an immediate deadline. The exchange contrasts confidence in the message with an attempt to postpone engagement until its bearer is gone.",
    "The chapter asks whether such responses arise from reason or from rebellion. This is a challenge to the grounds of the argument, not simply an exchange of insults. Readers are invited to distinguish considered judgment from resistance dressed as thought.",
    "The claim of invention is stated directly, then answered by identifying refusal to believe. The accusation concerns the Quran’s origin. The next verse moves beyond naming the claim and asks its speakers to demonstrate that their explanation can stand.",
    "If the speech is merely a human invention, the challengers are asked to produce its like. The verse makes the accusation answerable to a test. It belongs to the Quran’s own argument about the character and origin of its revelation.",
    "The questions about being created from nothing or creating oneself bring the argument to existence itself. They interrupt assumptions of independence. The reader is asked to consider the source of life before claiming final authority over its meaning.",
    "The scope widens from the listener’s origin to the heavens and earth. Creating neither oneself nor the surrounding cosmos weakens a claim to ultimate authority. The verse locates the dispute partly in a failure to reach firm conviction.",
    "Ownership of the Lord’s treasures and control over them are also questioned. Human possession is placed beside a much larger source of provision and authority. The argument exposes the difference between enjoying resources and commanding their ultimate distribution.",
    "The imagined stairway asks how the opponents could possess privileged access to heavenly decrees. A claim to hidden knowledge requires clear evidence. The verse challenges an unsupported authority that cannot be established merely by confident assertion.",
    "The question confronts an unequal attribution of offspring to Allah and to human beings. In the chapter’s argument, invented divine relationships expose inconsistency rather than knowledge. The criticism should not be converted into a statement that daughters possess lesser human worth.",
    "The messenger is not asking a fee that would burden the hearers with debt. This removes another possible excuse for rejecting the call. The verse directs attention toward the message itself, rather than an imagined financial demand behind it.",
    "The opponents are asked whether the unseen belongs to them to record. The question continues the challenge to unsupported certainty. Human confidence about hidden outcomes cannot become knowledge simply because it is written down or repeated with assurance.",
    "Plotting against the messenger does not place the plotters beyond the consequences of their conduct. The verse reverses their apparent control. It reminds the reader that strategic cleverness is not the same as security within the chapter’s moral order.",
    "The sequence of questions reaches divine oneness. No alternative god is established by the preceding claims, and Allah is declared beyond the partners assigned to Him. The argument closes by rejecting invented sources of ultimate authority.",
    "Even an extraordinary sign could be explained away as an ordinary cloud by a determined denier. The verse examines resistance that survives evidence. Its concern is not that clouds are suspicious, but that explanation can become a refuge from recognition.",
    "The messenger is told to leave them to the day they must encounter. The direction sets a limit to argument and gives the final outcome to Allah. Continued warning does not require controlling another person’s response by force.",
    "On that day, schemes cannot provide the advantage their makers expected. The verse removes both personal cunning and hoped-for assistance as sources of rescue. It continues the chapter’s dismantling of securities that rest only on human control.",
    "A further punishment is mentioned without being assigned a date in the verse. The lack of recognition is part of the warning. The reader should preserve that restraint rather than turn the passage into a confident timetable of specific disasters.",
    "The closing instruction combines patience with assurance of divine care. Praise accompanies rising and renewed activity, giving the messenger a practice within waiting. The passage ends its argument by directing attention toward steadfast worship rather than endless confrontation.",
    "Night and the fading stars extend praise across the edges of the day. The final image is quiet after the chapter’s intense questions. It leaves the reader with a rhythm of remembrance that can accompany uncertainty, patience and ordinary waking life."
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "start": 1,
      "end": 16,
      "title": "The Mount and the coming account",
      "summary": "Oaths by revelation and creation open a warning about the collapse of false security.",
      "reflection": "What makes a serious warning difficult to hear?"
    },
    {
      "start": 17,
      "end": 28,
      "title": "A family conversation in the garden",
      "summary": "Provision, reunion and shared memory become expressions of gratitude for mercy.",
      "reflection": "Which concerns might gratitude one day help you understand differently?"
    },
    {
      "start": 29,
      "end": 43,
      "title": "Questions no accusation can answer",
      "summary": "Claims against the messenger are tested through questions about origin, authority and knowledge.",
      "reflection": "Which assumptions deserve a more honest examination?"
    },
    {
      "start": 44,
      "end": 49,
      "title": "Patience beneath the fading stars",
      "summary": "The limits of argument give way to divine care, patient waiting and praise.",
      "reflection": "What practice of remembrance can sustain you when outcomes remain uncertain?"
    }
  ],
  "timeline": [
    {
      "title": "Before 622 CE · Makkan classification",
      "year": 622,
      "body": "Quran.com classifies At-Tur as Makkan. The year marks the Hijrah boundary after the Makkan period, not the chapter’s exact revelation date.",
      "source": "https://quran.com/at-tur/info"
    },
    {
      "title": "An undated recitation · Jubayr listens",
      "year": null,
      "body": "Bukhari 4854 records Jubayr ibn Mut‘im hearing At-Tur at the sunset prayer and being deeply moved by its questions about creation. This report supplies no calendar year.",
      "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4854"
    },
    {
      "title": "The promised account · no earthly date",
      "year": null,
      "body": "The chapter moves from upheaval and judgment to the garden’s welcome. These are theological horizons; the verses do not provide a date to place on an earthly calendar.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/052.htm"
    }
  ],
  "places": [
    {
      "id": "makkah",
      "name": "Makkah · the broad revelation setting",
      "body": "The Makkan classification locates the chapter in the earlier mission. The marker identifies the city broadly, not the spot at which a particular verse was first recited.",
      "lat": 21.4225,
      "lon": 39.8262,
      "source": "https://quran.com/at-tur/info",
      "image": 2
    },
    {
      "id": "mount",
      "name": "The Mount · Sinai in the introduction",
      "body": "Quran.com’s introduction associates the opening Mount with Sinai and Moses. The illustration evokes mountain, sea and revelation without presenting a disputed summit as archaeologically established or depicting a prophet.",
      "source": "https://quran.com/at-tur/info",
      "image": 0
    },
    {
      "id": "garden",
      "name": "The garden · reunion and grateful conversation",
      "body": "Verses 17–28 describe provision, believing families joined together and conversation about earlier concerns. This promised setting is illustrated symbolically and has no earthly map coordinate.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/052.htm",
      "image": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "night",
      "name": "The night sky · the stars’ departure",
      "body": "The final verse names night and the setting of stars as times of praise. The landscape evokes that daily rhythm without assigning it a specific ancient campsite.",
      "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/052.htm",
      "image": 3
    }
  ],
  "people": [
    {
      "id": "jubayr",
      "title": "Jubayr ibn Mut‘im · a listener moved by questions",
      "body": "Bukhari 4854 preserves his recollection of hearing the chapter at Maghrib. He describes the effect of the questions in verses 35–37. This is a reception report, not a date for the surah’s first revelation.",
      "url": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4854",
      "label": "Read Bukhari 4854"
    },
    {
      "id": "families",
      "title": "Believing families · reunion with accountability",
      "body": "Verse 21 places reunion beside the principle that each person is accountable for what they earn. The family promise and individual responsibility are presented together.",
      "verse": 21
    },
    {
      "id": "grateful",
      "title": "The grateful speakers · fear remembered after safety",
      "body": "The conversation in verses 25–28 gives the garden’s inhabitants a remembered past. Their earlier concerns and prayers become the background of their gratitude for mercy.",
      "verse": 26
    }
  ],
  "history": [
    {
      "title": "Makkan argument rather than a dated campaign",
      "body": "The introduction situates At-Tur in a Makkan confrontation over revelation and resurrection. The reader does not assign its questions to an invented debate, exact date or named delegation.",
      "source": "https://quran.com/at-tur/info"
    },
    {
      "title": "A chapter heard in prayer",
      "body": "Jubayr’s report connects At-Tur with the sunset prayer and remembers the power of its questions. The report describes hearing the chapter, which should be distinguished from the circumstances of its initial revelation.",
      "source": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4854"
    },
    {
      "title": "Several interpretations in the opening",
      "body": "Ibn Kathir records more than one explanation of the inscribed book and of the sea’s description. He relates the frequented House to heavenly worship. These interpretations are attributed rather than collapsed into a literal earthly reconstruction.",
      "source": "https://quran.com/at-tur/1/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir"
    }
  ],
  "revelationNote": "Makkan. The 622 CE timeline marker is a period boundary, not an exact revelation year. The report of Jubayr hearing the chapter records its recitation and reception.",
  "glossNote": "Some Corpus glosses repeat a complete English phrase across adjacent Arabic words. This edition separates those into individual word meanings using the same page’s Arabic and grammar, so word hover does not repeat a whole phrase. Original glosses and every adjustment are retained in the source audit; idiomatic expressions may include a literal component gloss."
}