{ "number": 43, "slug": "zukhruf", "name": "Az-Zukhruf", "arabicName": "الزخرف", "meaning": "Ornaments of Gold", "period": "Makkan", "tagline": "Beyond gold, ancestry, and the appearance of authority", "overview": "Az-Zukhruf challenges the belief that wealth, inherited custom, or political splendor can decide the worth of revelation. Journeys and rain invite gratitude; Abraham, Moses, and Jesus carry the argument through earlier messages. Gold appears as worldly display and then as part of the Garden's welcome, while the chapter ends with patience and peace.", "sources": [ { "title": "Arabic text · quranjson (MIT)", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/semarketir/quranjson/master/source/surah/surah_43.json" }, { "title": "Sahih International · English translation (AlQuran Cloud)", "url": "https://alquran.cloud/quran/en.sahih" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=43&verse=48" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=43&verse=51" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=43&verse=39" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", "url": "https://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=43&verse=42" }, { "title": "Word glosses · Quranic Arabic Corpus (GPL-3.0)", 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"https://quran.com/43/info" }, { "title": "The two towns and worldly wealth · Ibn Kathir", "url": "https://quran.com/43:31/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir" }, { "title": "Jesus and the Hour · Ibn Kathir", "url": "https://quran.com/43:61/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir" }, { "title": "Hijrah year · Britannica 1911", "url": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira" } ], "titles": [ "Letters that open the hearing", "An oath by the clear Scripture", "Arabic for understanding", "An exalted source", "A reminder despite excess", "Many messengers before this one", "Mockery as a recurring response", "Strength did not preserve them", "An acknowledged Creator", "Earth and the roads through it", "Measured rain and renewed life", "Pairs, ships, and riding animals", "Remembering while setting out", "Every journey and the final return", "Dividing what belongs to Allah", "A contradiction in claimed preference", "The shame the argument exposes", "Reading the argument within its setting", "Claims about angels without witness", "Using divine will as an excuse", "Where is the supporting scripture?", "Following ancestral footprints", "Comfort defending its inheritance", "Would better guidance be heard?", "The consequence of refusal", "Abraham questions inherited worship", "A Creator who guides", "A word carried through descendants", "Time granted before a clear message", "Calling truth magic again", "Why not a wealthy notable?", "Mercy cannot be apportioned by status", "Silver roofs as a thought experiment", "Doors and couches of silver", "Gold and what lasts beyond it", "A companion to heedlessness", "Being misled while feeling guided", "The wish for an impossible distance", "Shared consequence offers no rescue", "The messenger cannot force reception", "An outcome beyond one lifetime", "Power over the threatened outcome", "Holding to what is revealed", "A reminder and a responsibility", "One worship across the messengers", "Moses before Pharaoh and his chiefs", "Signs met with laughter", "Increasing signs and a chance to return", "A plea made under pressure", "Relief followed by broken promises", "Pharaoh's claim to Egypt and its rivers", "Contempt in place of an answer", "Gold as a demanded credential", "A people drawn into contempt", "The end of the pursuing power", "An example for those who follow", "Jesus introduced within an argument", "A dispute pursued for its own sake", "A favored servant and an example", "Creation is not limited by expectation", "Knowledge of the Hour", "An enemy of the path", "Jesus brings wisdom and clarification", "A shared Lord and a clear way", "Division after a clear message", "The sudden arrival of the Hour", "Friendship tested by its direction", "A welcome free from fear", "Belief joined to surrender", "Entering in gladness together", "Desire met within a lasting welcome", "An inheritance connected to action", "Fruit in abundance", "The contrasting outcome of guilt", "No relief within the warning", "No injustice in the account", "A plea for an ending", "Truth resisted before the outcome", "Human plans and divine determination", "Private speech is not outside knowledge", "A conditional argument about a son", "Beyond what people attribute", "Time allowed until the promised day", "One God in heaven and earth", "Sovereignty, knowledge, and return", "Intercession and truthful witness", "An admission that should change conduct", "The messenger's sorrowful appeal", "Forbearance and a word of peace" ], "notes": [ "Ha and Mim begin the chapter, as they do several neighboring surahs. The Quran does not provide a definitive expanded meaning for these separate letters. They introduce an oath and a sustained invitation to understand revelation rather than dismiss it.", "The Scripture's clarifying character is placed at the opening of the oath. Before argument about wealth, ancestry, and authority begins, the listener is directed toward the message itself. Its purpose will be understanding and response, not admiration from a distance.", "The revelation is described as an Arabic recitation so that its audience may understand. Language is a means of meaningful address. The verse invites attentive engagement with what is said, while translation helps readers approach that meaning across other languages.", "The revelation's place in the source of decrees with Allah is described as sublime and wise. Its worth therefore does not depend on the audience's social ranking of its messenger. The unseen source cannot be reduced to a human archive or pictured literally.", "The question asks whether the audience's excess should cause the reminder to be withheld. Its force lies in the persistence of divine address despite rejection. The chapter begins by showing that being challenged can itself be an opportunity for mercy.", "The succession of earlier prophets places the current message within a wider pattern. The audience's encounter is neither isolated nor unprecedented. The following verse recalls how those messengers were received, preparing a comparison between present confidence and earlier responses.", "Earlier peoples repeatedly mocked the prophets sent to them. The verse identifies a pattern of reception rather than providing a list of dated episodes. It invites readers to ask whether ridicule examines a message or simply protects the audience from it.", "The destruction of peoples stronger than the present audience interrupts confidence in worldly prowess. Their example has already passed into the warning. Power may shape immediate circumstances, but the chapter refuses to make it a reliable measure of truth or lasting security.", "The audience is pictured acknowledging that the Mighty, the Knowing created heaven and earth. The chapter will examine what follows from that admission. Recognizing a Creator verbally is distinguished from allowing that recognition to govern worship, gratitude, and everyday judgment.", "The earth is made a resting place with routes through it. These ordinary conditions allow settlement, movement, and finding one's way. The verse invites gratitude for a world that supports human journeys before turning to rain and renewal.", "Rain arrives in measure and revives land that seemed dead. That familiar renewal is placed beside the promise of being brought forth again. The verse makes a theological comparison, not a claim that resurrection can be dated by a seasonal cycle.", "The creation of pairs is joined to ships and animals that carry people. The movement from the broad order of creation to practical travel keeps divine gifts close to daily experience. Human mobility depends on provisions the traveler did not originate.", "Mounting a means of travel becomes an occasion to remember favor and praise the One who made it serviceable. The verse turns a routine action into gratitude. Ease of use can conceal dependence unless the traveler deliberately pauses to notice it.", "The travel remembrance closes by affirming the return to the Lord. A daily journey is set within the larger direction of life. The brief line prevents movement, trade, and arrival from becoming the whole horizon of the traveler's attention.", "The accusation concerns assigning some of Allah's servants as a portion of Him. The chapter challenges a confusion between Creator and created beings. Its argument continues through the audience's claims about daughters and angels, exposing both unsupported belief and ingratitude.", "The rhetorical question confronts people who assign daughters to Allah while reserving sons as an honor for themselves. It exposes their inconsistent values. The passage should be read as a challenge to that audience's prejudice, not an endorsement of disliking daughters.", "A man's angry reaction to the birth he disparages reveals the contradiction in what he attributes to the Merciful. The scene criticizes the audience through its own assumptions. It offers no justification for treating a daughter as a lesser gift.", "The description of adornment and difficulty in dispute continues the argument using the audience's social assumptions about daughters. Read with the surrounding rebuke of their inconsistency. It should not be extracted into a universal claim about every woman's intellect or worth.", "The audience calls the Merciful's servants female angels without having witnessed their creation. The challenge concerns unsupported testimony about the unseen. Their claims are accountable; the reader is not invited to invent an alternative portrait or physical description of angels.", "The speakers justify their worship by appealing to what the Merciful must have willed. The verse rejects their claim to knowledge. An event being possible does not, within this argument, provide evidence that the practice is divinely approved or commanded.", "The question asks whether an earlier scripture authorizes the audience's position. It continues the demand for knowledge after dismissing speculative appeals to divine will. Beliefs are tested by evidence rather than the comfort or familiarity with which they are held.", "The reply rests on finding the ancestors within a religion and following their traces. The verse distinguishes inherited custom from demonstrated guidance. Tradition matters as part of human life, but its existence alone does not settle whether a particular claim is true.", "The wealthy of earlier towns are recalled making the same appeal to ancestral practice. The connection suggests how privilege can make change unwelcome. The verse addresses a recurring posture toward warning, rather than declaring that every prosperous person necessarily rejects truth.", "The messenger asks whether better guidance could alter the inherited course, but the opponents reject the message. Their answer closes the door before weighing the offered comparison. Reflection concerns whether loyalty to a familiar path permits genuine consideration of another.", "The sequence of inherited certainty and rejected warning ends in retribution. The audience is asked to notice the outcome for those who denied the messengers. The verse provides a moral pattern, not an exhaustive historical chronology or an archaeological claim.", "Abraham tells his father and people that he dissociates himself from their worship. His example complicates the appeal to ancestors: an honored forefather himself refused inherited error. The narrative makes faithful responsibility more searching than simply repeating what a family practices.", "Abraham's exception directs worship to the One who created him and whom he trusts for guidance. His rejection is therefore joined to a positive allegiance. The verse locates confidence in a relationship with the Creator rather than in opposition alone.", "The declaration remains among Abraham's descendants as an invitation to return. Inheritance is now pictured as the preservation of a guiding truth rather than unquestioned custom. The contrast helps readers distinguish receiving a tradition from understanding the claim it carries.", "The audience and its fathers were allowed enjoyment until truth and a clear messenger arrived. The verse presents continued life as an opportunity, not proof that every existing practice is approved. Delay and comfort therefore require interpretation rather than complacent assumption.", "When the truth arrives, the opponents dismiss it as magic and declare rejection. The earlier pattern of mockery becomes immediate in the audience's own speech. The verse asks whether a label is doing the work that careful examination should have done.", "The objection asks why revelation did not come to a great man of two towns. Commentary identifies these as Makkah and Taif. The verse exposes the assumption that social distinction should determine who is fit to receive a divine message.", "The answer separates divine mercy from the audience's distribution of prestige. Differences in livelihood create relationships of work and dependence, but accumulated wealth remains below mercy. The verse does not make riches a reliable certificate of spiritual authority or personal worth.", "An imagined abundance of silver roofs and stairways challenges the belief that luxury proves divine favor. The conditional scene is an argument about value, not a reconstruction of a particular palace. Its meaning develops through the furnishings and gold that follow.", "The lavish picture continues through the house's entrances and places of rest. Repetition makes the imagined luxury almost overwhelming. The reader is being prepared to compare all this visible splendor with the limited duration of the world that contains it.", "Gold completes the inventory that gives the chapter its title. Even such abundance would remain a provision of worldly life, while the Hereafter belongs to those guarding against wrong. Splendor is measured by duration and moral direction rather than shine.", "Turning away from remembrance is followed by a devil becoming a close companion. The verse presents a spiritual danger of persistent neglect. It should not be treated as a diagnosis of mental illness or as permission to identify unseen beings around others.", "The companions turn people away from the way while those people consider themselves rightly guided. The warning concerns the fallibility of confidence. Strong conviction alone cannot establish that a direction is sound when remembrance and moral examination have been abandoned.", "At the final encounter, the person wishes the harmful companion were separated by the distance between the horizons. What seemed close and useful is recognized as ruinous. The scene invites present examination of influences before regret becomes the only remaining response.", "Sharing the punishment with a companion will not help those who acted wrongly. The verse challenges the comfort of belonging to a group when that group reinforces harmful choices. Mutual participation does not remove the responsibility of each participant.", "The questions about hearing and sight concern resistance to guidance, not the value of people with physical disabilities. They define a limit to the messenger's task. Clear communication cannot by itself compel another person's willing recognition or faithful response.", "The messenger is told that his removal would not prevent the threatened judgment. The message's truth is not dependent on his witnessing every consequence. The verse offers perspective on a task whose meaning can extend beyond what one person lives to see.", "Whether the messenger sees the promised consequence or not, Allah retains complete power over its subjects. This continues the previous assurance without supplying a date. The audience's temporary freedom to act should not be confused with escape from ultimate accountability.", "The instruction is to hold firmly to revelation and trust the rightness of the path. It follows the reminder that outcomes remain with Allah. Steadfastness is defined through faithfulness to the entrusted message rather than control over how others respond.", "The Quran is a reminder for the messenger and his people, accompanied by the promise that they will be questioned. Receiving revelation therefore brings accountability as well as distinction. The verse prevents association with the message from becoming mere inherited prestige.", "The question about earlier messengers challenges the idea that worship of other gods was divinely appointed. The chapter places its call within continuity of revelation. It does not give instructions for contacting the dead or provide a ritual for doing so.", "Moses comes with signs and identifies himself as a messenger of the Lord of all worlds. The universal title confronts a court organized around earthly sovereignty. The scene introduces another test of whether authority can recognize truth outside its own hierarchy.", "The court responds to the signs with laughter. This recalls the chapter's earlier pattern of mockery toward messengers and places Pharaoh within it. The verse asks what a dismissive reaction may protect: confidence, social order, or refusal to reconsider.", "Greater signs and affliction are described with the purpose that the people might turn back. Even the warning carries an opening for response. The narrative does not require identifying each sign with a particular natural event or exact historical date.", "The people ask Moses to pray through his relationship with his Lord and promise to follow guidance. Their address still calls him a wizard. The mixed language reveals an appeal for relief that has not yet become a consistent recognition of his message.", "Once the distress is eased, the people break their word. The short statement tests the sincerity of the preceding appeal. It invites reflection on whether commitments made in urgency remain binding in one's conduct after comfort and control have returned.", "Pharaoh points to Egypt's sovereignty and rivers as evidence of his greatness. The verse names Egypt, but not a dynasty or personal identity. His argument repeats the chapter's central confusion: visible wealth and political control are made a measure of truth.", "Pharaoh asserts superiority and disparages Moses and his speech. These are Pharaoh's claims within the narrative, not the Quran's judgment of the messenger. The verse shows status and personal insult being used to avoid engaging the message itself.", "Pharaoh asks why Moses has not received gold ornaments or accompanying angels. He demands credentials matching his own picture of authority. The chapter's title theme returns: outward display is mistakenly treated as the condition for taking divine guidance seriously.", "Pharaoh's persuasion leads his people to obey him in wrongdoing. The verse connects the ruler's manipulation with the audience's response. Leadership matters, but the narrative also asks how a community participates when ridicule and spectacle replace careful moral judgment.", "The narrative reaches retribution and drowning after the people's sustained rejection. The scene reverses Pharaoh's earlier confidence in rivers and sovereignty. The verse does not identify a recovered body or establish which modern archaeological object belongs to this account.", "Pharaoh's people become a past example for later generations. Their importance here lies in what can be learned about arrogance, persuasion, and false measures of authority. The chapter does not provide a complete history of Egypt or a dated royal succession.", "The son of Mary is raised as an example, and the audience reacts loudly. The following verses clarify the argument and affirm his honored service. The scene should be read in sequence rather than isolated into a dismissal of Jesus himself.", "The opponents' comparison between their gods and Jesus is described as argumentative provocation. The verse distinguishes an objection raised to understand from one raised to entangle. It directs attention to the purpose of a discussion, not only to its verbal cleverness.", "Jesus is identified as a servant favored by Allah and made an example for the Children of Israel. The affirmation preserves his honored place within the Quran's account. It also maintains the distinction between the one receiving favor and its divine giver.", "The possibility of angels replacing people on earth demonstrates that Allah is not constrained by human assumptions about creation. The conditional statement does not describe an observed event. The reader should not invent angelic appearances or a hidden earthly population from it.", "The verse directs certainty toward the Hour and following the right path. Ibn Kathir reads its reference through Jesus and his return; Pickthall's wording leaves the referent less explicit. This reader identifies that interpretation without calculating a date or depicting the event.", "Satan is named as an open enemy who must not divert the audience. The warning follows the call to a straight path and certainty about the Hour. Its practical force is vigilance about temptations that interrupt the response to guidance.", "Jesus arrives with clear proofs, wisdom, and clarification of disputed matters, then calls for reverence toward Allah and obedience to his message. The verse presents his mission through teaching and moral direction. His importance is not reduced to the opponents' earlier argument.", "Jesus declares Allah to be his Lord and the Lord of his hearers, calling them to worship Him. The shared wording maintains both the messenger's devotion and his audience's responsibility. The straight path is defined through that common orientation.", "Factions differ after the account of Jesus' teaching, and wrongdoers are warned of painful consequence. The verse concerns responsibility for the response to guidance. It does not authorize contempt or hostility toward present communities whose members inherit different religious traditions.", "The question asks whether the audience waits for the Hour to come without warning at the moment of arrival. Its uncertainty is practical, not an invitation to prediction. The verse urges a response now rather than dependence on imagined future notice.", "Friends become enemies on that day except those who guarded against wrongdoing. The contrast asks what a relationship encourages and what its participants will ultimately recognize. Companionship rooted in responsibility is distinguished from a bond built on mutually supported neglect.", "The address to Allah's servants promises freedom from fear and grief on that day. The tone changes from warning to reassurance. The following verses identify the welcomed people and unfold a Garden where safety accompanies the pleasures described.", "The welcomed servants are described as believing the signs and surrendering to Allah. This short identification gives substance to the preceding reassurance. The Garden's welcome is connected to a lived response to revelation, rather than an outward claim of prestige.", "Entry into the Garden is addressed to the faithful and their spouses with the promise of joy. The scene makes companionship part of welcome. It belongs to the unseen promise and should not be turned into invented portraits or biographical reconstructions.", "Gold trays, cups, delight for the soul, and pleasure for the eyes describe the Garden's abundance. Gold now appears within divine generosity rather than Pharaoh's status test. The verse gathers beauty and permanence without providing a literal visual blueprint.", "The Garden is called an inheritance received in relation to what its people did. The wording joins the promised gift to responsible conduct. It follows the description of delight by recalling that the path toward this welcome was lived, not merely admired.", "The brief promise of plentiful fruit adds ease and nourishment to the Garden scene. Repetition of such simple pleasures makes abundance tangible to the listener. These familiar images communicate welcome while remaining descriptions of an existence beyond ordinary earthly experience.", "The chapter turns from the Garden to the lasting torment of the guilty. This severe contrast belongs to the account of final judgment. It warns about a completed course of wrongdoing, without authorizing readers to pronounce another living person's ultimate fate.", "The torment is described as unrelieved and accompanied by despair. The verse gives weight to the preceding declaration of judgment. Its purpose in the present address is to make accountability serious while the audience still has an opportunity to respond.", "The narrative explicitly denies that Allah wronged them and places responsibility in their own wrongdoing. This statement frames the surrounding severe imagery. It directs attention to moral accountability rather than treating suffering in the judgment scene as arbitrary or purposeless.", "The condemned appeal to the keeper for their Lord to end their existence, but are told they remain. This belongs to the unseen judgment narrative. The reader does not invent a portrait of the keeper or a mechanism behind the scene.", "The explanation returns to the earlier arrival of truth and the audience's aversion to it. Judgment is connected to how the message was received. The present reader is asked to notice resistance while it can still become reflection and change.", "The opponents' planning is placed beside Allah's determination. Their ability to arrange affairs does not establish control over the final outcome. The verse continues the chapter's challenge to confident worldly power without inviting speculation about unnamed modern conspiracies.", "Secret thoughts and private conversations are heard, while divine envoys record. The emphasis is the reach of accountability beyond public performance. The unseen recorders are not visually described, and their mention does not justify human intrusion into another person's private life.", "The statement is conditional, and Pickthall explicitly marks that it does not affirm a divine son. Read with the next verse's declaration of transcendence. The argument concerns faithful recognition of truth, not an endorsement of the claim being challenged.", "The Lord of heaven, earth, and the Throne is glorified above the attributes assigned by the opponents. This completes the preceding conditional argument. The verse insists on divine transcendence; neither the Throne nor Allah is offered here as a subject for literal depiction.", "The messenger is told to leave the opponents in their disputation and play until the appointed encounter. The instruction limits the need to force an immediate outcome. It follows clear warning with patience while responsibility remains attached to their choices.", "The same God is worshipped in heaven and on earth, described as wise and knowing. The statement affirms one sovereignty across creation. It is not a claim that the divine is confined within a physical location that an image could represent.", "Heaven, earth, and everything between belong to Allah; knowledge of the Hour and the final return are His. The verse gathers the chapter's recurring themes into one statement. Human status cannot distribute mercy, control judgment, or determine the appointed time.", "The invoked beings possess no independent power of intercession, with an exception linked to knowledgeable witness to truth. The verse keeps mediation beneath divine authority. It does not offer a technique for obtaining guaranteed favor through a chosen intermediary.", "The audience again acknowledges Allah as Creator, and the question asks how it turns away despite that admission. The argument returns to the opening discussion of creation. Recognition becomes incomplete when its consequences for worship and responsibility are set aside.", "The messenger's plea names a people who do not believe. After the chapter's many arguments, the line conveys the weight of persistent refusal. The following instruction shapes the response to that grief through forbearance rather than a demand to compel belief.", "The final instruction is to bear with the opponents and speak peace, leaving their eventual knowledge to what follows. The ending gives the messenger a manner of response after argument. The reader is invited to join conviction with patience and restraint." ], "sections": [ { "start": 1, "end": 14, "title": "Revelation, rain, and the traveler's gratitude", "summary": "An Arabic message invites understanding, while roads, rain, ships, and riding animals awaken remembrance.", "reflection": "Turn the beginning of an ordinary journey into a moment of gratitude." }, { "start": 15, "end": 35, "title": "Ancestral claims and ornaments of gold", "summary": "Unsupported claims about the unseen and appeals to inherited status are challenged by Abraham's example and the limits of wealth.", "reflection": "What forms of prestige can distract from the substance of a message?" }, { "start": 36, "end": 56, "title": "Heedlessness and Pharaoh's display", "summary": "Misleading companionship gives way to the court of Pharaoh, where rivers and gold become false measures of authority.", "reflection": "Consider how a leader's spectacle can change what an audience is willing to examine." }, { "start": 57, "end": 67, "title": "Jesus, wisdom, and the coming Hour", "summary": "An argumentative comparison is answered by an affirmation of Jesus' honored service, wisdom, and call to worship Allah.", "reflection": "Notice the difference between a discussion that seeks clarity and one that seeks victory." }, { "start": 68, "end": 89, "title": "Lasting welcome and a word of peace", "summary": "The Garden contrasts with the consequence of wrongdoing before sovereignty, truthful witness, and forbearance close the chapter.", "reflection": "Let conviction guide your words without surrendering patience and courtesy." } ], "timeline": [ { "title": "Before 622 CE · Makkan classification", "year": 622, "body": "The chapter is classified as Makkan. The Hijrah supplies a broad chronological boundary, not a verified exact year for all 89 verses.", "source": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hejira" }, { "title": "Abraham's declaration · undated scriptural past", "year": null, "body": "Verses 26–28 recall Abraham's rejection of inherited worship and a lasting word among his descendants. No precise year or grave location is given in this passage.", "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/043.htm" }, { "title": "Moses before Pharaoh · undated narrative", "year": null, "body": "Verses 46–56 compare royal display with a messenger's signs. Egypt is named, but the chapter does not supply a pharaoh's personal identity, dynasty, or exact reign dates.", "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/043.htm" }, { "title": "Jesus and the Hour · interpretation distinguished", "year": null, "body": "Ibn Kathir reads verse 61 in relation to Jesus' return before the Hour. This is identified as commentary, with no calculated future date or visual reconstruction of the unseen event.", "source": "https://quran.com/43:61/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir" } ], "places": [ { "id": "makkah", "name": "Makkah · broad revelation setting", "lat": 21.4225, "lon": 39.8262, "body": "The chapter is classified as Makkan. The city marker is general orientation, not an assertion of a particular recitation house or archaeological setting for every passage.", "source": "https://quran.com/43/info", "image": 0 }, { "id": "two-towns", "name": "Makkah and Taif · a traditional identification", "body": "Verse 31 names two towns without naming them individually. Ibn Kathir identifies them as Makkah and Taif, reporting the objection that revelation should have gone to a prominent man from one of them.", "source": "https://quran.com/43:31/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir", "image": 1 }, { "id": "egypt", "name": "Egypt and its rivers · Pharaoh's claim", "body": "Egypt is explicitly named in verse 51. Its rivers and authority appear in Pharaoh's boast; no specific palace, tomb, or mummy is identified by the chapter.", "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/043.htm", "image": 2 }, { "id": "garden", "name": "The Garden · an unseen welcome", "body": "The gold vessels, fruit, and joy of verses 68–73 describe promised welcome. Garden artwork interprets those themes without claiming a mapped location or literal access to the unseen.", "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/043.htm", "image": 4 } ], "people": [ { "id": "abraham", "title": "Abraham · questioning inherited worship", "body": "His declaration to his father and people answers the appeal to ancestral custom. He honors the Creator through guidance rather than accepting every inherited practice. No portrait or grave identification is supplied.", "verse": 26, "url": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/043.htm" }, { "id": "moses", "title": "Moses · signs before a royal court", "body": "Moses identifies himself as messenger of the Lord of all worlds. Pharaoh's criticisms are presented as his own words, not the Quran's assessment of Moses.", "verse": 46, "url": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/043.htm" }, { "id": "pharaoh", "title": "Pharaoh · gold and political display", "body": "His claims rest on Egypt, rivers, rank, and gold ornaments. The Quran names his title here, not an Egyptian personal identity; no king's tomb or mummy is asserted to be his.", "verse": 51, "url": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/043.htm" }, { "id": "jesus", "title": "Jesus, son of Mary · honored servant and teacher", "body": "Verses 59–64 affirm divine favor, wisdom, clear proofs, and his call to worship Allah. Ibn Kathir reads verse 61 through his future return; that interpretation is kept distinct from Pickthall's less explicit wording.", "verse": 63, "url": "https://quran.com/43:61/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir" }, { "id": "listeners", "title": "The audience and the use of prestige", "body": "The chapter repeatedly asks whether listeners judge by evidence or by inherited habits, wealth, and influential speakers. These are ethical roles for reflection, not a list of present people to condemn.", "verse": 31, "url": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/043.htm" } ], "history": [ { "title": "A Makkan challenge to status", "body": "The chapter introduction identifies its Makkan setting. This reader avoids an exact revelation year and follows the text's argument about knowledge, wealth, and the reception of messengers.", "source": "https://quran.com/43/info" }, { "title": "The two towns", "body": "Ibn Kathir interprets the unnamed towns of verse 31 as Makkah and Taif. The geographical identification is labeled as commentary; the verse's principal issue is the attempt to make public prestige a condition of revelation.", "source": "https://quran.com/43:31/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir" }, { "title": "Jesus and the interpretation of verse 61", "body": "Ibn Kathir understands the verse through Jesus' descent before the Hour. Pickthall's English leaves the reference less explicit. The note names the interpretive distinction without predicting a date or presenting an unseen event as historical imagery.", "source": "https://quran.com/43:61/tafsirs/en-tafisr-ibn-kathir" }, { "title": "Gold changes its role", "body": "Silver and gold first illustrate temporary splendor, then appear in Pharaoh's demands, and finally in the Garden's welcome. The contrast is an original reading of the chapter's sequence, not a reconstruction of an identified ancient palace.", "source": "https://sacred-texts.com/isl/pick/043.htm" } ], "revelationNote": "Makkan. A before-622 CE period boundary offers orientation only. Earlier prophetic narratives remain undated here; the traditional identification of the two towns and commentary on Jesus and the Hour are explicitly attributed.", "verses": [ { "n": 1, "arabic": "حمٓ", "translation": "Ha, Meem." }, { "n": 2, "arabic": "وَٱلْكِتَٰبِ ٱلْمُبِينِ", "translation": "By the clear Book," }, { "n": 3, "arabic": "إِنَّا جَعَلْنَٰهُ قُرْءَٰنًا عَرَبِيًّۭا لَّعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ", "translation": "Indeed, We have made it an Arabic Qur'an that you might understand." }, { "n": 4, "arabic": "وَإِنَّهُۥ فِىٓ أُمِّ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ لَدَيْنَا لَعَلِىٌّ حَكِيمٌ", "translation": "And indeed it is, in the Mother of the Book with Us, exalted and full of wisdom." }, { "n": 5, "arabic": "أَفَنَضْرِبُ عَنكُمُ ٱلذِّكْرَ صَفْحًا أَن كُنتُمْ قَوْمًۭا مُّسْرِفِينَ", "translation": "Then should We turn the message away, disregarding you, because you are a transgressing people?" }, { "n": 6, "arabic": "وَكَمْ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن نَّبِىٍّۢ فِى ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ", "translation": "And how many a prophet We sent among the former peoples," }, { "n": 7, "arabic": "وَمَا يَأْتِيهِم مِّن نَّبِىٍّ إِلَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ", "translation": "But there would not come to them a prophet except that they used to ridicule him." }, { "n": 8, "arabic": "فَأَهْلَكْنَآ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُم بَطْشًۭا وَمَضَىٰ مَثَلُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ", "translation": "And We destroyed greater than them in [striking] power, and the example of the former peoples has preceded." }, { "n": 9, "arabic": "وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ خَلَقَهُنَّ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ", "translation": "And if you should ask them, \"Who has created the heavens and the earth?\" they would surely say, \"They were created by the Exalted in Might, the Knowing.\"" }, { "n": 10, "arabic": "ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلْأَرْضَ مَهْدًۭا وَجَعَلَ لَكُمْ فِيهَا سُبُلًۭا لَّعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ", "translation": "[The one] who has made for you the earth a bed and made for you upon it roads that you might be guided" }, { "n": 11, "arabic": "وَٱلَّذِى نَزَّلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءًۢ بِقَدَرٍۢ فَأَنشَرْنَا بِهِۦ بَلْدَةًۭ مَّيْتًۭا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ تُخْرَجُونَ", "translation": "And who sends down rain from the sky in measured amounts, and We revive thereby a dead land - thus will you be brought forth -" }, { "n": 12, "arabic": "وَٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلْأَزْوَٰجَ كُلَّهَا وَجَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْفُلْكِ وَٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ مَا تَرْكَبُونَ", "translation": "And who created the species, all of them, and has made for you of ships and animals those which you mount." }, { "n": 13, "arabic": "لِتَسْتَوُۥا۟ عَلَىٰ ظُهُورِهِۦ ثُمَّ تَذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَةَ رَبِّكُمْ إِذَا ٱسْتَوَيْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَتَقُولُوا۟ سُبْحَٰنَ ٱلَّذِى سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَٰذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُۥ مُقْرِنِينَ", "translation": "That you may settle yourselves upon their backs and then remember the favor of your Lord when you have settled upon them and say. \"Exalted is He who has subjected this to us, and we could not have [otherwise] subdued it." }, { "n": 14, "arabic": "وَإِنَّآ إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا لَمُنقَلِبُونَ", "translation": "And indeed we, to our Lord, will [surely] return.\"" }, { "n": 15, "arabic": "وَجَعَلُوا۟ لَهُۥ مِنْ عِبَادِهِۦ جُزْءًا ۚ إِنَّ ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ لَكَفُورٌۭ مُّبِينٌ", "translation": "But they have attributed to Him from His servants a portion. Indeed, man is clearly ungrateful." }, { "n": 16, "arabic": "أَمِ ٱتَّخَذَ مِمَّا يَخْلُقُ بَنَاتٍۢ وَأَصْفَىٰكُم بِٱلْبَنِينَ", "translation": "Or has He taken, out of what He has created, daughters and chosen you for [having] sons?" }, { "n": 17, "arabic": "وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُم بِمَا ضَرَبَ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ مَثَلًۭا ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُۥ مُسْوَدًّۭا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ", "translation": "And when one of them is given good tidings of that which he attributes to the Most Merciful in comparison, his face becomes dark, and he suppresses grief." }, { "n": 18, "arabic": "أَوَمَن يُنَشَّؤُا۟ فِى ٱلْحِلْيَةِ وَهُوَ فِى ٱلْخِصَامِ غَيْرُ مُبِينٍۢ", "translation": "So is one brought up in ornaments while being during conflict unevident [attributed to Allah]?" }, { "n": 19, "arabic": "وَجَعَلُوا۟ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ ٱلَّذِينَ هُمْ عِبَٰدُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ إِنَٰثًا ۚ أَشَهِدُوا۟ خَلْقَهُمْ ۚ سَتُكْتَبُ شَهَٰدَتُهُمْ وَيُسْـَٔلُونَ", "translation": "And they have made the angels, who are servants of the Most Merciful, females. Did they witness their creation? Their testimony will be recorded, and they will be questioned." }, { "n": 20, "arabic": "وَقَالُوا۟ لَوْ شَآءَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ مَا عَبَدْنَٰهُم ۗ مَّا لَهُم بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَخْرُصُونَ", "translation": "And they said, \"If the Most Merciful had willed, we would not have worshipped them.\" They have of that no knowledge. They are not but falsifying." }, { "n": 21, "arabic": "أَمْ ءَاتَيْنَٰهُمْ كِتَٰبًۭا مِّن قَبْلِهِۦ فَهُم بِهِۦ مُسْتَمْسِكُونَ", "translation": "Or have We given them a book before the Qur'an to which they are adhering?" }, { "n": 22, "arabic": "بَلْ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا وَجَدْنَآ ءَابَآءَنَا عَلَىٰٓ أُمَّةٍۢ وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِهِم مُّهْتَدُونَ", "translation": "Rather, they say, \"Indeed, we found our fathers upon a religion, and we are in their footsteps [rightly] guided.\"" }, { "n": 23, "arabic": "وَكَذَٰلِكَ مَآ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ فِى قَرْيَةٍۢ مِّن نَّذِيرٍ إِلَّا قَالَ مُتْرَفُوهَآ إِنَّا وَجَدْنَآ ءَابَآءَنَا عَلَىٰٓ أُمَّةٍۢ وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِهِم مُّقْتَدُونَ", "translation": "And similarly, We did not send before you any warner into a city except that its affluent said, \"Indeed, we found our fathers upon a religion, and we are, in their footsteps, following.\"" }, { "n": 24, "arabic": "۞ قَٰلَ أَوَلَوْ جِئْتُكُم بِأَهْدَىٰ مِمَّا وَجَدتُّمْ عَلَيْهِ ءَابَآءَكُمْ ۖ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا بِمَآ أُرْسِلْتُم بِهِۦ كَٰفِرُونَ", "translation": "[Each warner] said, \"Even if I brought you better guidance than that [religion] upon which you found your fathers?\" They said, \"Indeed we, in that with which you were sent, are disbelievers.\"" }, { "n": 25, "arabic": "فَٱنتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ ۖ فَٱنظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلْمُكَذِّبِينَ", "translation": "So we took retribution from them; then see how was the end of the deniers." }, { "n": 26, "arabic": "وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَٰهِيمُ لِأَبِيهِ وَقَوْمِهِۦٓ إِنَّنِى بَرَآءٌۭ مِّمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ", "translation": "And [mention, O Muhammad], when Abraham said to his father and his people, \"Indeed, I am disassociated from that which you worship" }, { "n": 27, "arabic": "إِلَّا ٱلَّذِى فَطَرَنِى فَإِنَّهُۥ سَيَهْدِينِ", "translation": "Except for He who created me; and indeed, He will guide me.\"" }, { "n": 28, "arabic": "وَجَعَلَهَا كَلِمَةًۢ بَاقِيَةًۭ فِى عَقِبِهِۦ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ", "translation": "And he made it a word remaining among his descendants that they might return [to it]." }, { "n": 29, "arabic": "بَلْ مَتَّعْتُ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ وَءَابَآءَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْحَقُّ وَرَسُولٌۭ مُّبِينٌۭ", "translation": "However, I gave enjoyment to these [people of Makkah] and their fathers until there came to them the truth and a clear Messenger." }, { "n": 30, "arabic": "وَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْحَقُّ قَالُوا۟ هَٰذَا سِحْرٌۭ وَإِنَّا بِهِۦ كَٰفِرُونَ", "translation": "But when the truth came to them, they said, \"This is magic, and indeed we are, concerning it, disbelievers.\"" }, { "n": 31, "arabic": "وَقَالُوا۟ لَوْلَا نُزِّلَ هَٰذَا ٱلْقُرْءَانُ عَلَىٰ رَجُلٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلْقَرْيَتَيْنِ عَظِيمٍ", "translation": "And they said, \"Why was this Qur'an not sent down upon a great man from [one of] the two cities?\"" }, { "n": 32, "arabic": "أَهُمْ يَقْسِمُونَ رَحْمَتَ رَبِّكَ ۚ نَحْنُ قَسَمْنَا بَيْنَهُم مَّعِيشَتَهُمْ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۚ وَرَفَعْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍۢ دَرَجَٰتٍۢ لِّيَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُهُم بَعْضًۭا سُخْرِيًّۭا ۗ وَرَحْمَتُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌۭ مِّمَّا يَجْمَعُونَ", "translation": "Do they distribute the mercy of your Lord? It is We who have apportioned among them their livelihood in the life of this world and have raised some of them above others in degrees [of rank] that they may make use of one another for service. But the mercy of your Lord is better than whatever they accumulate." }, { "n": 33, "arabic": "وَلَوْلَآ أَن يَكُونَ ٱلنَّاسُ أُمَّةًۭ وَٰحِدَةًۭ لَّجَعَلْنَا لِمَن يَكْفُرُ بِٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ لِبُيُوتِهِمْ سُقُفًۭا مِّن فِضَّةٍۢ وَمَعَارِجَ عَلَيْهَا يَظْهَرُونَ", "translation": "And if it were not that the people would become one community [of disbelievers], We would have made for those who disbelieve in the Most Merciful - for their houses - ceilings and stairways of silver upon which to mount" }, { "n": 34, "arabic": "وَلِبُيُوتِهِمْ أَبْوَٰبًۭا وَسُرُرًا عَلَيْهَا يَتَّكِـُٔونَ", "translation": "And for their houses - doors and couches [of silver] upon which to recline" }, { "n": 35, "arabic": "وَزُخْرُفًۭا ۚ وَإِن كُلُّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمَّا مَتَٰعُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۚ وَٱلْءَاخِرَةُ عِندَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ", "translation": "And gold ornament. But all that is not but the enjoyment of worldly life. And the Hereafter with your Lord is for the righteous." }, { "n": 36, "arabic": "وَمَن يَعْشُ عَن ذِكْرِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُۥ شَيْطَٰنًۭا فَهُوَ لَهُۥ قَرِينٌۭ", "translation": "And whoever is blinded from remembrance of the Most Merciful - We appoint for him a devil, and he is to him a companion." }, { "n": 37, "arabic": "وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَصُدُّونَهُمْ عَنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ", "translation": "And indeed, the devils avert them from the way [of guidance] while they think that they are [rightly] guided" }, { "n": 38, "arabic": "حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءَنَا قَالَ يَٰلَيْتَ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ بُعْدَ ٱلْمَشْرِقَيْنِ فَبِئْسَ ٱلْقَرِينُ", "translation": "Until, when he comes to Us [at Judgement], he says [to his companion], \"Oh, I wish there was between me and you the distance between the east and west - how wretched a companion.\"" }, { "n": 39, "arabic": "وَلَن يَنفَعَكُمُ ٱلْيَوْمَ إِذ ظَّلَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ فِى ٱلْعَذَابِ مُشْتَرِكُونَ", "translation": "And never will it benefit you that Day, when you have wronged, that you are [all] sharing in the punishment." }, { "n": 40, "arabic": "أَفَأَنتَ تُسْمِعُ ٱلصُّمَّ أَوْ تَهْدِى ٱلْعُمْىَ وَمَن كَانَ فِى ضَلَٰلٍۢ مُّبِينٍۢ", "translation": "Then will you make the deaf hear, [O Muhammad], or guide the blind or he who is in clear error?" }, { "n": 41, "arabic": "فَإِمَّا نَذْهَبَنَّ بِكَ فَإِنَّا مِنْهُم مُّنتَقِمُونَ", "translation": "And whether [or not] We take you away [in death], indeed, We will take retribution upon them." }, { "n": 42, "arabic": "أَوْ نُرِيَنَّكَ ٱلَّذِى وَعَدْنَٰهُمْ فَإِنَّا عَلَيْهِم مُّقْتَدِرُونَ", "translation": "Or whether [or not] We show you that which We have promised them, indeed, We are Perfect in Ability." }, { "n": 43, "arabic": "فَٱسْتَمْسِكْ بِٱلَّذِىٓ أُوحِىَ إِلَيْكَ ۖ إِنَّكَ عَلَىٰ صِرَٰطٍۢ مُّسْتَقِيمٍۢ", "translation": "So adhere to that which is revealed to you. Indeed, you are on a straight path." }, { "n": 44, "arabic": "وَإِنَّهُۥ لَذِكْرٌۭ لَّكَ وَلِقَوْمِكَ ۖ وَسَوْفَ تُسْـَٔلُونَ", "translation": "And indeed, it is a remembrance for you and your people, and you [all] are going to be questioned." }, { "n": 45, "arabic": "وَسْـَٔلْ مَنْ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ مِن رُّسُلِنَآ أَجَعَلْنَا مِن دُونِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ءَالِهَةًۭ يُعْبَدُونَ", "translation": "And ask those We sent before you of Our messengers; have We made besides the Most Merciful deities to be worshipped?" }, { "n": 46, "arabic": "وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا مُوسَىٰ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَإِي۟هِۦ فَقَالَ إِنِّى رَسُولُ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ", "translation": "And certainly did We send Moses with Our signs to Pharaoh and his establishment, and he said, \"Indeed, I am the messenger of the Lord of the worlds.\"" }, { "n": 47, "arabic": "فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُم بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِذَا هُم مِّنْهَا يَضْحَكُونَ", "translation": "But when he brought them Our signs, at once they laughed at them." }, { "n": 48, "arabic": "وَمَا نُرِيهِم مِّنْ ءَايَةٍ إِلَّا هِىَ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ أُخْتِهَا ۖ وَأَخَذْنَٰهُم بِٱلْعَذَابِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ", "translation": "And We showed them not a sign except that it was greater than its sister, and We seized them with affliction that perhaps they might return [to faith]." }, { "n": 49, "arabic": "وَقَالُوا۟ يَٰٓأَيُّهَ ٱلسَّاحِرُ ٱدْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِندَكَ إِنَّنَا لَمُهْتَدُونَ", "translation": "And they said [to Moses], \"O magician, invoke for us your Lord by what He has promised you. Indeed, we will be guided.\"" }, { "n": 50, "arabic": "فَلَمَّا كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابَ إِذَا هُمْ يَنكُثُونَ", "translation": "But when We removed from them the affliction, at once they broke their word." }, { "n": 51, "arabic": "وَنَادَىٰ فِرْعَوْنُ فِى قَوْمِهِۦ قَالَ يَٰقَوْمِ أَلَيْسَ لِى مُلْكُ مِصْرَ وَهَٰذِهِ ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِىٓ ۖ أَفَلَا تُبْصِرُونَ", "translation": "And Pharaoh called out among his people; he said, \"O my people, does not the kingdom of Egypt belong to me, and these rivers flowing beneath me; then do you not see?" }, { "n": 52, "arabic": "أَمْ أَنَا۠ خَيْرٌۭ مِّنْ هَٰذَا ٱلَّذِى هُوَ مَهِينٌۭ وَلَا يَكَادُ يُبِينُ", "translation": "Or am I [not] better than this one who is insignificant and hardly makes himself clear?" }, { "n": 53, "arabic": "فَلَوْلَآ أُلْقِىَ عَلَيْهِ أَسْوِرَةٌۭ مِّن ذَهَبٍ أَوْ جَآءَ مَعَهُ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ مُقْتَرِنِينَ", "translation": "Then why have there not been placed upon him bracelets of gold or come with him the angels in conjunction?\"" }, { "n": 54, "arabic": "فَٱسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُۥ فَأَطَاعُوهُ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ قَوْمًۭا فَٰسِقِينَ", "translation": "So he bluffed his people, and they obeyed him. Indeed, they were [themselves] a people defiantly disobedient [of Allah]." }, { "n": 55, "arabic": "فَلَمَّآ ءَاسَفُونَا ٱنتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ فَأَغْرَقْنَٰهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ", "translation": "And when they angered Us, We took retribution from them and drowned them all." }, { "n": 56, "arabic": "فَجَعَلْنَٰهُمْ سَلَفًۭا وَمَثَلًۭا لِّلْءَاخِرِينَ", "translation": "And We made them a precedent and an example for the later peoples." }, { "n": 57, "arabic": "۞ وَلَمَّا ضُرِبَ ٱبْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ", "translation": "And when the son of Mary was presented as an example, immediately your people laughed aloud." }, { "n": 58, "arabic": "وَقَالُوٓا۟ ءَأَٰلِهَتُنَا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ ۚ مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًۢا ۚ بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ", "translation": "And they said, \"Are your gods better, or is he?\" They did not present the comparison except for [mere] argument. But, [in fact], they are a people prone to dispute." }, { "n": 59, "arabic": "إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَلْنَٰهُ مَثَلًۭا لِّبَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ", "translation": "Jesus was not but a servant upon whom We bestowed favor, and We made him an example for the Children of Israel." }, { "n": 60, "arabic": "وَلَوْ نَشَآءُ لَجَعَلْنَا مِنكُم مَّلَٰٓئِكَةًۭ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ يَخْلُفُونَ", "translation": "And if We willed, We could have made [instead] of you angels succeeding [one another] on the earth." }, { "n": 61, "arabic": "وَإِنَّهُۥ لَعِلْمٌۭ لِّلسَّاعَةِ فَلَا تَمْتَرُنَّ بِهَا وَٱتَّبِعُونِ ۚ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطٌۭ مُّسْتَقِيمٌۭ", "translation": "And indeed, Jesus will be [a sign for] knowledge of the Hour, so be not in doubt of it, and follow Me. This is a straight path." }, { "n": 62, "arabic": "وَلَا يَصُدَّنَّكُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّۭ مُّبِينٌۭ", "translation": "And never let Satan avert you. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy." }, { "n": 63, "arabic": "وَلَمَّا جَآءَ عِيسَىٰ بِٱلْبَيِّنَٰتِ قَالَ قَدْ جِئْتُكُم بِٱلْحِكْمَةِ وَلِأُبَيِّنَ لَكُم بَعْضَ ٱلَّذِى تَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ ۖ فَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ", "translation": "And when Jesus brought clear proofs, he said, \"I have come to you with wisdom and to make clear to you some of that over which you differ, so fear Allah and obey me." }, { "n": 64, "arabic": "إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ رَبِّى وَرَبُّكُمْ فَٱعْبُدُوهُ ۚ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطٌۭ مُّسْتَقِيمٌۭ", "translation": "Indeed, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him. This is a straight path.\"" }, { "n": 65, "arabic": "فَٱخْتَلَفَ ٱلْأَحْزَابُ مِنۢ بَيْنِهِمْ ۖ فَوَيْلٌۭ لِّلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ مِنْ عَذَابِ يَوْمٍ أَلِيمٍ", "translation": "But the denominations from among them differed [and separated], so woe to those who have wronged from the punishment of a painful Day." }, { "n": 66, "arabic": "هَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَّا ٱلسَّاعَةَ أَن تَأْتِيَهُم بَغْتَةًۭ وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ", "translation": "Are they waiting except for the Hour to come upon them suddenly while they perceive not?" }, { "n": 67, "arabic": "ٱلْأَخِلَّآءُ يَوْمَئِذٍۭ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ إِلَّا ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ", "translation": "Close friends, that Day, will be enemies to each other, except for the righteous" }, { "n": 68, "arabic": "يَٰعِبَادِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْيَوْمَ وَلَآ أَنتُمْ تَحْزَنُونَ", "translation": "[To whom Allah will say], \"O My servants, no fear will there be concerning you this Day, nor will you grieve," }, { "n": 69, "arabic": "ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُوا۟ مُسْلِمِينَ", "translation": "[You] who believed in Our verses and were Muslims." }, { "n": 70, "arabic": "ٱدْخُلُوا۟ ٱلْجَنَّةَ أَنتُمْ وَأَزْوَٰجُكُمْ تُحْبَرُونَ", "translation": "Enter Paradise, you and your kinds, delighted.\"" }, { "n": 71, "arabic": "يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِم بِصِحَافٍۢ مِّن ذَهَبٍۢ وَأَكْوَابٍۢ ۖ وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ ٱلْأَنفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ ٱلْأَعْيُنُ ۖ وَأَنتُمْ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ", "translation": "Circulated among them will be plates and vessels of gold. And therein is whatever the souls desire and [what] delights the eyes, and you will abide therein eternally." }, { "n": 72, "arabic": "وَتِلْكَ ٱلْجَنَّةُ ٱلَّتِىٓ أُورِثْتُمُوهَا بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ", "translation": "And that is Paradise which you are made to inherit for what you used to do." }, { "n": 73, "arabic": "لَكُمْ فِيهَا فَٰكِهَةٌۭ كَثِيرَةٌۭ مِّنْهَا تَأْكُلُونَ", "translation": "For you therein is much fruit from which you will eat." }, { "n": 74, "arabic": "إِنَّ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ فِى عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ خَٰلِدُونَ", "translation": "Indeed, the criminals will be in the punishment of Hell, abiding eternally." }, { "n": 75, "arabic": "لَا يُفَتَّرُ عَنْهُمْ وَهُمْ فِيهِ مُبْلِسُونَ", "translation": "It will not be allowed to subside for them, and they, therein, are in despair." }, { "n": 76, "arabic": "وَمَا ظَلَمْنَٰهُمْ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوا۟ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ", "translation": "And We did not wrong them, but it was they who were the wrongdoers." }, { "n": 77, "arabic": "وَنَادَوْا۟ يَٰمَٰلِكُ لِيَقْضِ عَلَيْنَا رَبُّكَ ۖ قَالَ إِنَّكُم مَّٰكِثُونَ", "translation": "And they will call, \"O Malik, let your Lord put an end to us!\" He will say, \"Indeed, you will remain.\"" }, { "n": 78, "arabic": "لَقَدْ جِئْنَٰكُم بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَكُمْ لِلْحَقِّ كَٰرِهُونَ", "translation": "We had certainly brought you the truth, but most of you, to the truth, were averse." }, { "n": 79, "arabic": "أَمْ أَبْرَمُوٓا۟ أَمْرًۭا فَإِنَّا مُبْرِمُونَ", "translation": "Or have they devised [some] affair? But indeed, We are devising [a plan]." }, { "n": 80, "arabic": "أَمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّا لَا نَسْمَعُ سِرَّهُمْ وَنَجْوَىٰهُم ۚ بَلَىٰ وَرُسُلُنَا لَدَيْهِمْ يَكْتُبُونَ", "translation": "Or do they think that We hear not their secrets and their private conversations? Yes, [We do], and Our messengers are with them recording." }, { "n": 81, "arabic": "قُلْ إِن كَانَ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ وَلَدٌۭ فَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلْعَٰبِدِينَ", "translation": "Say, [O Muhammad], \"If the Most Merciful had a son, then I would be the first of [his] worshippers.\"" }, { "n": 82, "arabic": "سُبْحَٰنَ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَرْشِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ", "translation": "Exalted is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, Lord of the Throne, above what they describe." }, { "n": 83, "arabic": "فَذَرْهُمْ يَخُوضُوا۟ وَيَلْعَبُوا۟ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُوا۟ يَوْمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِى يُوعَدُونَ", "translation": "So leave them to converse vainly and amuse themselves until they meet their Day which they are promised." }, { "n": 84, "arabic": "وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ إِلَٰهٌۭ وَفِى ٱلْأَرْضِ إِلَٰهٌۭ ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلْحَكِيمُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ", "translation": "And it is Allah who is [the only] deity in the heaven, and on the earth [the only] deity. And He is the Wise, the Knowing." }, { "n": 85, "arabic": "وَتَبَارَكَ ٱلَّذِى لَهُۥ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَعِندَهُۥ عِلْمُ ٱلسَّاعَةِ وَإِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ", "translation": "And blessed is He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them and with whom is knowledge of the Hour and to whom you will be returned." }, { "n": 86, "arabic": "وَلَا يَمْلِكُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةَ إِلَّا مَن شَهِدَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ", "translation": "And those they invoke besides Him do not possess [power of] intercession; but only those who testify to the truth [can benefit], and they know." }, { "n": 87, "arabic": "وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ ٱللَّهُ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ", "translation": "And if you asked them who created them, they would surely say, \"Allah.\" So how are they deluded?" }, { "n": 88, "arabic": "وَقِيلِهِۦ يَٰرَبِّ إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ قَوْمٌۭ لَّا يُؤْمِنُونَ", "translation": "And [Allah acknowledges] his saying, \"O my Lord, indeed these are a people who do not believe.\"" }, { "n": 89, "arabic": "فَٱصْفَحْ عَنْهُمْ وَقُلْ سَلَٰمٌۭ ۚ فَسَوْفَ يَعْلَمُونَ", "translation": "So turn aside from them and say, \"Peace.\" But they are going to know." } ], "glosses": [ [ "Ha Meem." ], [ "By the Book", "the clear," ], [ "Indeed, We", "(have) made it", "a Quran", "(in) Arabic", "so that you may", "understand." ], [ "And indeed, it", "(is) in", "(the) Mother", "(of) the Book", "with Us,", "surely exalted,", "full of wisdom." ], [ "Then should We take away", "from you", "the Reminder,", "disregarding (you),", "because", "you are", "a people", "transgressing?" ], [ "And how many", "We sent", "of", "a Prophet", "among", "the former (people)," ], [ "And not", "came to them", "any Prophet", "any Prophet", "but", "they used to", "mock at him.", "mock at him." ], [ "Then We destroyed", "stronger", "than them", "(in) power", "and has passed", "(the) example", "(of) the former (people)." ], [ "And if", "you ask them,", "\"Who", "created", "the heavens", "and the earth?\"", "They will surely say,", "\"Created them", "the All-Mighty,", "the All-Knower,\"" ], [ "The One Who", "made", "for you", "the earth", "a bed,", "and made", "for you", "therein", "roads", "so that you may", "(be) guided," ], [ "And the One Who", "sends down", "from", "the sky", "water", "in (due) measure,", "then We revive", "with it", "a land", "dead,", "thus", "you will be brought forth," ], [ "And the One Who", "created", "the pairs", "all of them", "and made", "for you", "[of]", "the ships", "and the cattle", "what", "you ride," ], [ "That you may sit firmly,", "on", "their backs,", "then", "remember", "(the) favor", "(of) your Lord", "when", "you sit firmly", "on them", "and say,", "\"Glory be (to)", "the One Who", "(has) subjected", "to us", "this,", "and not", "we were", "of it", "capable." ], [ "And indeed, we", "to", "our Lord,", "will surely return.\"" ], [ "But they attribute", "to Him", "from", "His slaves", "a portion.", "Indeed,", "man", "surely (is) clearly ungrateful.", "surely (is) clearly ungrateful." ], [ "Or", "has He taken", "of what,", "He has created,", "daughters", "and He has chosen (for) you", "sons." ], [ "And when", "is given good news,", "(to) one of them,", "of what", "he sets up", "for the Most Gracious", "(as) a likeness,", "becomes", "his face", "dark", "and he", "(is) filled with grief." ], [ "Then (is one) who", "is brought up", "in", "ornaments", "and he", "in", "the dispute", "(is) not", "clear." ], [ "And they made,", "the Angels,", "those who", "themselves", "(are) slaves", "(of) the Most Gracious,", "females.", "Did they witness", "their creation?", "Will be recorded", "their testimony,", "and they will be questioned." ], [ "And they say,", "\"If", "had willed", "the Most Gracious,", "we would not have worshipped them.\"", "we would not have worshipped them.\"", "Not", "they have", "about that", "any", "knowledge.", "Nothing", "they (do)", "but", "lie." ], [ "Or", "have We given them", "a book", "before it,", "before it,", "so they", "to it", "(are) holding fast?" ], [ "Nay,", "they say,", "\"Indeed, we", "[we] found", "our forefathers", "upon", "a religion", "and indeed, we", "on", "their footsteps", "(are) guided.\"" ], [ "And thus", "not", "We sent", "before you", "before you", "in", "a town", "any", "warner", "except", "said", "(the) wealthy ones of it,", "\"Indeed, we", "[we] found", "our forefathers", "on", "a religion,", "and indeed, we", "[on]", "their footsteps", "(are) following.\"" ], [ "He said,", "\"Even if", "I brought you", "better guidance", "than what", "you found", "on it", "your forefathers?\"", "They said,", "\"Indeed, we", "with what", "you are sent", "with [it]", "(are) disbelievers.\"" ], [ "So We took retribution", "from them.", "Then see", "how", "was", "(the) end", "(of) the deniers." ], [ "And when", "Ibrahim Said", "Ibrahim Said", "to his father", "and his people,", "\"Indeed, I (am)", "disassociated", "from what", "you worship" ], [ "Except", "the One Who", "created me;", "and indeed, He", "will guide me.\"" ], [ "And he made it", "a word", "lasting", "among", "his descendents,", "so that they may", "return." ], [ "Nay,", "I gave enjoyment", "(to) these", "and their forefathers", "until", "came to them", "the truth", "and a Messenger", "clear." ], [ "And when", "came to them", "the truth,", "they said,", "\"This", "(is) magic,", "and indeed, we", "of it", "(are) disbelievers.\"" ], [ "And they say,", "\"Why not", "was sent down", "this", "the Quran", "to", "a man,", "from", "the two towns,", "great?\"" ], [ "Do they", "distribute", "(the) Mercy", "(of) your Lord?", "We", "[We] distribute", "among them", "their livelihood", "in", "the life", "(of) the world,", "and We raise", "some of them", "above", "others", "(in) degrees", "so that may take,", "some of them,", "others,", "(for) service.", "But (the) Mercy", "(of) your Lord", "(is) better", "than what", "they accumulate." ], [ "And if not", "that", "(would) become", "[the] mankind", "a community", "one,", "We (would have) made", "for (one) who", "disbelieves", "in the Most Gracious", "for their houses", "roofs", "of", "silver", "and stairways", "upon which", "they mount" ], [ "And for their houses", "doors", "and couches", "upon which", "they recline" ], [ "And ornaments of gold.", "And not (is)", "all", "that", "but", "an enjoyment", "(of) the life", "(of) the world.", "And the Hereafter", "with", "your Lord", "(is) for the righteous." ], [ "And whoever", "turns away", "from", "(the) remembrance", "(of) the Most Gracious,", "We appoint", "for him", "a devil,", "then he", "(is) to him", "a companion." ], [ "And indeed, they", "surely, turn them", "from", "the Path", "and they think", "that they", "(are) guided." ], [ "Until", "when", "he comes to Us", "he says,", "\"O would that", "between me", "and between you", "(were the) distance", "(of) the East and the West.\"", "How wretched is", "the companion!" ], [ "And never", "will benefit you", "the Day,", "when", "you have wronged,", "that you", "(will be) in", "the punishment", "sharing." ], [ "Then can you", "cause to hear", "the deaf", "or", "guide", "the blind", "and (one) who", "is", "in", "an error", "clear?" ], [ "And whether", "We take you away,", "We take you away,", "then indeed, We,", "from them", "(will) take retribution." ], [ "Or", "We show you", "that which", "We have promised them,", "then indeed, We", "over them", "have full power." ], [ "So hold fast", "to that which", "is revealed", "to you.", "Indeed, you", "(are) on", "a Path", "Straight." ], [ "And indeed, it", "(is) surely, a Reminder", "for you", "and your people,", "and soon", "you will be questioned." ], [ "And ask", "(those) whom", "We sent", "before you", "before you", "of", "Our Messengers;", "did We make", "besides", "besides", "the Most Gracious", "gods", "to be worshipped?" ], [ "And certainly", "We sent", "Musa", "with Our Signs", "to", "Firaun", "and his chiefs,", "and he said,", "\"Indeed, I am", "a Messenger", "(of the) Lord", "(of) the worlds.\"" ], [ "But when", "he came to them", "with Our Signs,", "behold!", "They", "at them", "laughed." ], [ "And not", "We showed them", "of", "a Sign", "but", "it", "(was) greater", "than", "its sister,", "and We seized them", "with the punishment", "so that they may", "return." ], [ "And they said,", "\"O", "[the] magician!", "Invoke", "for us", "your Lord", "by what", "He has made covenant", "with you.", "Indeed, we", "(will) surely be guided.\"" ], [ "But when", "We removed", "from them", "the punishment", "behold!", "They", "broke (their word)." ], [ "And called out", "Firaun", "among", "his people;", "he said,", "\"O my people!", "Is not", "for me", "(the) kingdom", "(of) Egypt", "and these", "[the] rivers", "flowing", "underneath me?", "underneath me?", "Then do not", "you see?" ], [ "Or", "am I", "better", "than", "this,", "one who -", "he", "(is) insignificant", "and hardly", "and hardly", "clear?" ], [ "Then why not", "are placed", "on him", "bracelets", "of", "gold", "or", "come", "with him", "the Angels", "accompanying (him)?\"" ], [ "So he bluffed", "his people,", "and they obeyed him.", "Indeed, they", "were", "a people", "defiantly disobedient." ], [ "So when", "they angered Us,", "We took retribution", "from them,", "and We drowned them", "all." ], [ "And We made them", "a precedent", "and an example", "for the later (generations)." ], [ "And when", "is presented,", "(the) son", "(of) Maryam,", "(as) an example", "behold!", "Your people", "about it", "laughed aloud." ], [ "And they said,", "\"Are our gods", "better", "or", "he?\"", "Not", "they present it", "to you", "except", "(for) argument.", "Nay,", "they", "(are) a people", "argumentative." ], [ "Not", "he", "(was) except", "a slave,", "We bestowed Our favor", "on him", "and We made him", "an example", "for (the) Children of Israel.", "for (the) Children of Israel." ], [ "And if", "We willed,", "surely We (could have) made", "among you", "Angels", "in", "the earth", "succeeding." ], [ "And indeed, it", "surely (is) a knowledge", "of the Hour.", "So (do) not", "(be) doubtful", "about it,", "and follow Me.", "This", "(is the) Path", "Straight." ], [ "And (let) not", "avert you", "the Shaitaan.", "Indeed, he", "(is) for you", "an enemy", "clear." ], [ "And when", "came", "Isa", "with clear proofs,", "he said,", "\"Verily,", "I have come to you", "with wisdom", "and that I make clear", "to you", "some", "(of) that which", "you differ", "in it.", "So fear", "Allah", "and obey me." ], [ "Indeed,", "Allah,", "He", "(is) my Lord", "and your Lord,", "so worship Him.", "This", "(is) a Path", "Straight.\"" ], [ "But differed", "the factions", "from", "among them,", "so woe", "to those who", "wronged", "from", "(the) punishment", "(of the) Day", "painful." ], [ "Are", "they waiting", "except", "(for) the Hour", "that", "it should come on them", "suddenly", "while they", "(do) not", "perceive?" ], [ "Friends", "that Day,", "some of them", "to others", "(will be) enemies", "except", "the righteous," ], [ "\"O My slaves!", "No", "fear", "on you", "this Day", "and not", "you", "will grieve," ], [ "Those who", "believed", "in Our Verses", "and were", "submissive." ], [ "Enter", "Paradise,", "you", "and your spouses", "delighted.\"" ], [ "Will be circulated", "for them", "plates", "of", "gold", "and cups.", "And therein", "(is) what", "desires", "the souls", "and delights", "the eyes,", "and you", "therein", "will abide forever." ], [ "And this", "(is) the Paradise", "which", "you are made to inherit", "for what", "you used to", "do." ], [ "For you", "therein", "(are) fruits", "abundant,", "from it", "you will eat." ], [ "Indeed,", "the criminals", "(will be) in", "(the) punishment", "(of) Hell", "abiding forever." ], [ "Not", "will it subside", "for them,", "and they", "in it", "(will) despair." ], [ "And not", "We wronged them", "but", "they were", "themselves", "wrongdoers." ], [ "And they will call,", "\"O Malik!", "Let put an end", "to us", "your Lord.\"", "He (will) say,", "\"Indeed, you", "(will) remain.\"" ], [ "Certainly,", "We have brought you", "the truth,", "but", "most of you,", "to the truth", "(are) averse." ], [ "Or", "have they determined", "an affair?", "Then indeed, We", "(are) determined." ], [ "Or", "(do) they think", "that We", "(can) not", "hear", "their secret(s)", "and their private counsel(s)?", "Nay,", "and Our Messengers", "with them,", "are recording." ], [ "Say,", "\"If", "had", "the Most Gracious", "a son.", "Then, I", "(would be the) first", "(of) the worshippers.\"" ], [ "Glory be", "(to the) Lord,", "(of) the heavens", "and the earth,", "(the) Lord", "(of) the Throne,", "above what", "they ascribe." ], [ "So leave them", "(to) converse vainly", "and play", "until", "they meet", "their Day", "which", "they are promised" ], [ "And He", "(is) the One Who", "(is) in", "the heaven -", "God,", "and in", "the earth -", "God.", "And He", "(is) the All-Wise,", "the All-Knower." ], [ "And blessed (is)", "the One Who -", "to Whom", "(belongs the) dominion", "(of) the heavens", "and the earth", "and whatever", "(is) between both of them", "and with Him", "(is the) knowledge", "(of) the Hour,", "and to Him", "you will be returned." ], [ "And not", "have power", "those whom", "they invoke", "besides Him", "besides Him", "(for) the intercession;", "except", "who", "testifies", "to the truth,", "and they", "know." ], [ "And if", "you ask them", "who", "created them,", "they will certainly say,", "\"Allah.\"", "Then how", "are they deluded?" ], [ "And his saying,", "\"O my Lord!", "Indeed,", "these", "(are) a people", "(who do) not", "believe.\"" ], [ "So turn away", "from them", "and say,", "\"Peace.\"", "But soon", "they will know." ] ], "juz": 25 }